سلم

See also: س ل م

Arabic

ﷸ U+FDF8, ﷸ ARABIC LIGATURE WASALLAM ISOLATED FORM ← ﷷ [U+FDF7] Arabic Presentation Forms-A ﷹ → [U+FDF9]

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /silm/

Noun

سِلْم or سَلْم • (silm or salm) m or f

1. (uncountable) peace

   Antonym: حَرْب (ḥarb)

   إِنْ أَرَدْتَ السِّلْمَ فَتَأَهَّبْ لِلْحَرْبِ.

   ʔin ʔaradta as-silma fa-taʔahhab li-l-ḥarbi.

   If you want peace, then prepare for war.

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 8:61:

     وَإِن جَنَحُوا لِلسَّلْمِ فَٱجْنَحْ لَهَا

     wa-ʔin janaḥū li-s-salmi fa-jnaḥ lahā

     And if they incline to peace, incline to it too.

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْم (silm)‎; سَلْم (salm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi

Adjective

سِلْم or سَلْم • (silm or salm)

1. peaceful

   أَنَا سِلْمٌ لِمَنْ سَالَمَنِي.

   ʔana silmun liman sālama-nī.

   I am peaceful to him who keeps peace to me.

Declension

Declension of noun سِلْم (silm)‎; سَلْم (salm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm	السِّلْم‎; السَّلْم as-silm‎; as-salm	سِلْم‎; سَلْم silm‎; salm
Nominative	سِلْمٌ‎; سَلْمٌ silmun‎; salmun	السِّلْمُ‎; السَّلْمُ as-silmu‎; as-salmu	سِلْمُ‎; سَلْمُ silmu‎; salmu
Accusative	سِلْمًا‎; سَلْمًا silman‎; salman	السِّلْمَ‎; السَّلْمَ as-silma‎; as-salma	سِلْمَ‎; سَلْمَ silma‎; salma
Genitive	سِلْمٍ‎; سَلْمٍ silmin‎; salmin	السِّلْمِ‎; السَّلْمِ as-silmi‎; as-salmi	سِلْمِ‎; سَلْمِ silmi‎; salmi

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m

1. submission, surrender
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 16:87:

     وَأَلْقَوْا إِلَى ٱللَّٰهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ ٱلسَّلَمَ ۖ وَضَلَّ عَنْهُم مَّا كَانُوا يَفْتَرُونَ

     wa-ʔalqaw ʔilā llāhi yawmaʔiḏin s-salama, wa-ḍalla ʕanhum mmā kānū yaftarūna

     And they proffer unto God on that day submission, and the idols they fell for failed them.

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami

Adjective

سَلَم • (salam)

1. in peace
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 39:29:

     ضَرَبَ ٱللّٰهُ مَثَلًا رَّجُلًا فِيهِ شُرَكَاءُ مُتَشَاكِسُونَ وَرَجُلًا سَلَمًا لِّرَجُلٍ هَلْ يَسْتَوِيَانِ مَثَلًا ۚ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّٰهِ ۚ بَلْ أَكْثَرُهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

     ḍaraba llāhu maṯalan rrajulan fīhi šurakāʔu mutašākisūna wa-rajulan salaman lli-rajulin hal yastawiyāni maṯalan. al-ḥamdu li-llāhi. bal ʔakṯaruhum lā yaʕlamūna

     God coined a simile: A man with various partners disputing and a man in peace. Are the two equal in the simile? Praise be to God! But most of them know not.

Declension

Declension of adjective سَلَم (salam)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	basic broken plural triptote		basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami

Etymology 2

From Aramaic סוּלַם (sulam), with influence from Hebrew סֻלָּם (sullām) – compare against Classical Syriac ܣܒܠܬܐ (sebbelṯā) and Classical Mandaic ࡎࡅࡌࡁࡉࡋࡕࡀ (sumbiltā) – from Akkadian 𒄑𒄿𒇻 (simmiltum, “stair; stairs; ladder”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sul.lam/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

سُلَّم • (sullam) f or m (plural سَلَالِم (salālim))

1. ladder, stairs

Declension

Declension of noun سُلَّم (sullam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُلَّم sullam	السُّلَّم as-sullam	سُلَّم sullam
Nominative	سُلَّمٌ sullamun	السُّلَّمُ as-sullamu	سُلَّمُ sullamu
Accusative	سُلَّمًا sullaman	السُّلَّمَ as-sullama	سُلَّمَ sullama
Genitive	سُلَّمٍ sullamin	السُّلَّمِ as-sullami	سُلَّمِ sullami
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُلَّمَيْن sullamayn	السُّلَّمَيْن as-sullamayn	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Nominative	سُلَّمَانِ sullamāni	السُّلَّمَانِ as-sullamāni	سُلَّمَا sullamā
Accusative	سُلَّمَيْنِ sullamayni	السُّلَّمَيْنِ as-sullamayni	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Genitive	سُلَّمَيْنِ sullamayni	السُّلَّمَيْنِ as-sullamayni	سُلَّمَيْ sullamay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَالِم salālim	السَّلَالِم as-salālim	سَلَالِم salālim
Nominative	سَلَالِمُ salālimu	السَّلَالِمُ as-salālimu	سَلَالِمُ salālimu
Accusative	سَلَالِمَ salālima	السَّلَالِمَ as-salālima	سَلَالِمَ salālima
Genitive	سَلَالِمَ salālima	السَّلَالِمِ as-salālimi	سَلَالِمِ salālimi

Derived terms

• سُلَّمَة (sullama, “stair, step”)

References

• “swlm”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 177
• Schwally, Friedrich (1899) “Lexikalische Studien. (Fortsetzung.)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft‎^[1] (in German), volume 53, page 197
• Soden, Wolfram von (1933) “Lexikalisches Archiv”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 41, pages 230–231 / Nr. 50
  • Addendum: Landsberger, Benno (1934) “Lexikalisches Archiv”, in Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete (in German), volume 42, page 166

Etymology 3

Verb

سَلِمَ • (salima) I, non-past يَسْلَمُ‎ (yaslamu)

1. to be safe, to be well
2. to be free (from); to become free (from), to escape (from)
   • a. 965 C.E., Al-Mutanabbi

     لَا يَسْلَمُ الشَّرَفُ الرَّفِيعُ مِنَ الْأَذَى
     حَتَّى يُرَاقَ عَلَى جَوَانِبِهِ الدَّمُ

     lā yaslamu aš-šarafu r-rafīʕu mina l-ʔaḏā
     ḥattā yurāqa ʕalā jawānibihi d-damu

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَلِمَ

(form-I sound, verbal nouns سَلَامَة or سَلَام)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						سَلَامَة or سَلَام salāma or salām
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَالِم sālim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْلُوم maslūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَلِمْتُ salimtu	سَلِمْتَ salimta	سَلِمَ salima		سَلِمْتُمَا salimtumā	سَلِمَا salimā		سَلِمْنَا salimnā	سَلِمْتُمْ salimtum	سَلِمُوا salimū
	f		سَلِمْتِ salimti	سَلِمَتْ salimat			سَلِمَتَا salimatā			سَلِمْتُنَّ salimtunna	سَلِمْنَ salimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسْلَمُ ʔaslamu	تَسْلَمُ taslamu	يَسْلَمُ yaslamu		تَسْلَمَانِ taslamāni	يَسْلَمَانِ yaslamāni		نَسْلَمُ naslamu	تَسْلَمُونَ taslamūna	يَسْلَمُونَ yaslamūna
	f		تَسْلَمِينَ taslamīna	تَسْلَمُ taslamu			تَسْلَمَانِ taslamāni			تَسْلَمْنَ taslamna	يَسْلَمْنَ yaslamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسْلَمَ ʔaslama	تَسْلَمَ taslama	يَسْلَمَ yaslama		تَسْلَمَا taslamā	يَسْلَمَا yaslamā		نَسْلَمَ naslama	تَسْلَمُوا taslamū	يَسْلَمُوا yaslamū
	f		تَسْلَمِي taslamī	تَسْلَمَ taslama			تَسْلَمَا taslamā			تَسْلَمْنَ taslamna	يَسْلَمْنَ yaslamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسْلَمْ ʔaslam	تَسْلَمْ taslam	يَسْلَمْ yaslam		تَسْلَمَا taslamā	يَسْلَمَا yaslamā		نَسْلَمْ naslam	تَسْلَمُوا taslamū	يَسْلَمُوا yaslamū
	f		تَسْلَمِي taslamī	تَسْلَمْ taslam			تَسْلَمَا taslamā			تَسْلَمْنَ taslamna	يَسْلَمْنَ yaslamna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِسْلَمْ islam			اِسْلَمَا islamā				اِسْلَمُوا islamū
	f		اِسْلَمِي islamī							اِسْلَمْنَ islamna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	سُلِمَ sulima		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُسْلَمُ yuslamu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُسْلَمَ yuslama		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُسْلَمْ yuslam		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 4

Cognates include Hebrew שלם and Aramaic שלם.

Verb

سَلَّمَ • (sallama) II, non-past يُسَلِّمُ‎ (yusallimu)

1. (transitive) to surrender
2. to submit to, to be submissive to; to succumb, yield or surrender to
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 4:65:

     فَلَا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ وَيُسَلِّمُوا تَسْلِيمًا

     fa-lā wa-rabbika lā yuʔminūna ḥattā yuḥakkimūka fīmā šajara baynahum ṯumma lā yajidū fī ʔanfusihim ḥarajan mimmā qaḍayta wa-yusallimū taslīman

     But nay, by thy Lord, they will not believe until they make thee judge about the dispute arising between them and find between themselves no trammel from what thou rulest and submit with whole submission.

3. to greet (with عَلَى (ʕalā))
4. to make safe, to protect

   اللّٰهُ يُسَلِّمُكَ

   allāhu yusallimuka

   you're welcome; may God protect you; get well soon; goodbye (as an answer)

   (literally, “may God protect you”)

   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 8:43:

     إِذْ يُرِيكَهُمُ ٱللَّٰهُ فِي مَنَامِكَ قَلِيلًا ۖ وَلَوْ أَرَاكَهُمْ كَثِيرًا لَّفَشِلْتُمْ وَلَتَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي ٱلْأَمْرِ وَلَٰكِنَّ ٱللَّٰهَ سَلَّمَ ۗ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ ٱلصُّدُورِ

     ʔiḏ yurīkahumu llāhu fī manāmika qalīlan, wa-law ʔarākahum kaṯīran lla-fašiltum wa-la-tanāzaʕtum fī l-ʔamri wa-lākinna llāha sallama, ʔinnahu ʕalīmun bi-ḏāti ṣ-ṣudūri

     When God showed them unto thee in thy dream as few, and if he had shown them to thee as many, ye would have dithered and would have made a fuss of the matter, but God kept you safe of it, for he knows how the breasts of the people go.

5. to hand over, to deliver
6. to admit, to concede, to grant (with ب (b))

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَلَّمَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَسْلِيم taslīm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُسَلِّم musallim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُسَلَّم musallam
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَلَّمْتُ sallamtu	سَلَّمْتَ sallamta	سَلَّمَ sallama		سَلَّمْتُمَا sallamtumā	سَلَّمَا sallamā		سَلَّمْنَا sallamnā	سَلَّمْتُمْ sallamtum	سَلَّمُوا sallamū
	f		سَلَّمْتِ sallamti	سَلَّمَتْ sallamat			سَلَّمَتَا sallamatā			سَلَّمْتُنَّ sallamtunna	سَلَّمْنَ sallamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَلِّمُ ʔusallimu	تُسَلِّمُ tusallimu	يُسَلِّمُ yusallimu		تُسَلِّمَانِ tusallimāni	يُسَلِّمَانِ yusallimāni		نُسَلِّمُ nusallimu	تُسَلِّمُونَ tusallimūna	يُسَلِّمُونَ yusallimūna
	f		تُسَلِّمِينَ tusallimīna	تُسَلِّمُ tusallimu			تُسَلِّمَانِ tusallimāni			تُسَلِّمْنَ tusallimna	يُسَلِّمْنَ yusallimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَلِّمَ ʔusallima	تُسَلِّمَ tusallima	يُسَلِّمَ yusallima		تُسَلِّمَا tusallimā	يُسَلِّمَا yusallimā		نُسَلِّمَ nusallima	تُسَلِّمُوا tusallimū	يُسَلِّمُوا yusallimū
	f		تُسَلِّمِي tusallimī	تُسَلِّمَ tusallima			تُسَلِّمَا tusallimā			تُسَلِّمْنَ tusallimna	يُسَلِّمْنَ yusallimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَلِّمْ ʔusallim	تُسَلِّمْ tusallim	يُسَلِّمْ yusallim		تُسَلِّمَا tusallimā	يُسَلِّمَا yusallimā		نُسَلِّمْ nusallim	تُسَلِّمُوا tusallimū	يُسَلِّمُوا yusallimū
	f		تُسَلِّمِي tusallimī	تُسَلِّمْ tusallim			تُسَلِّمَا tusallimā			تُسَلِّمْنَ tusallimna	يُسَلِّمْنَ yusallimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سَلِّمْ sallim			سَلِّمَا sallimā				سَلِّمُوا sallimū
	f		سَلِّمِي sallimī							سَلِّمْنَ sallimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُلِّمْتُ sullimtu	سُلِّمْتَ sullimta	سُلِّمَ sullima		سُلِّمْتُمَا sullimtumā	سُلِّمَا sullimā		سُلِّمْنَا sullimnā	سُلِّمْتُمْ sullimtum	سُلِّمُوا sullimū
	f		سُلِّمْتِ sullimti	سُلِّمَتْ sullimat			سُلِّمَتَا sullimatā			سُلِّمْتُنَّ sullimtunna	سُلِّمْنَ sullimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَلَّمُ ʔusallamu	تُسَلَّمُ tusallamu	يُسَلَّمُ yusallamu		تُسَلَّمَانِ tusallamāni	يُسَلَّمَانِ yusallamāni		نُسَلَّمُ nusallamu	تُسَلَّمُونَ tusallamūna	يُسَلَّمُونَ yusallamūna
	f		تُسَلَّمِينَ tusallamīna	تُسَلَّمُ tusallamu			تُسَلَّمَانِ tusallamāni			تُسَلَّمْنَ tusallamna	يُسَلَّمْنَ yusallamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَلَّمَ ʔusallama	تُسَلَّمَ tusallama	يُسَلَّمَ yusallama		تُسَلَّمَا tusallamā	يُسَلَّمَا yusallamā		نُسَلَّمَ nusallama	تُسَلَّمُوا tusallamū	يُسَلَّمُوا yusallamū
	f		تُسَلَّمِي tusallamī	تُسَلَّمَ tusallama			تُسَلَّمَا tusallamā			تُسَلَّمْنَ tusallamna	يُسَلَّمْنَ yusallamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَلَّمْ ʔusallam	تُسَلَّمْ tusallam	يُسَلَّمْ yusallam		تُسَلَّمَا tusallamā	يُسَلَّمَا yusallamā		نُسَلَّمْ nusallam	تُسَلَّمُوا tusallamū	يُسَلَّمُوا yusallamū
	f		تُسَلَّمِي tusallamī	تُسَلَّمْ tusallam			تُسَلَّمَا tusallamā			تُسَلَّمْنَ tusallamna	يُسَلَّمْنَ yusallamna

Etymology 5

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Noun

سَلِم • (salim) m (collective, singulative سَلِمَة f (salima)) and plural of variety or alternative collective سِلَام (silām)

2. stones
   • a. 622, لَبيد بن ربيعة [Labīd ibn Rabīʿa], معلقة Muʻallaqa, line 4b:

     ١ عَفَتِ الدِّيارُ مَحَلُّهَا فَمُقَامُهَا * بمنًى تأبَّدَ غَوْلُها فَرِجَامُهَا
     ٢ فمَدافعُ الرَّيَّانِ عُرِّيَ رَسْمُهَا * خَلَقًا كما ضَمِنَ الوُحِيَّ سِلاَمُها
     ٣ دِمَنٌ تَجَرَّمَ بَعدَ عَهْدِ أنِيسِهَا * حِجَجٌ خَلَوْنَ حَلالُهَا وحَرَامُهَا
     ٤ رُزِقَتْ مَرابيعَ النُّجُومِ وَصَابَهَا * وَدْقُ الرَّوَاعِدِ جَوْدُهَا فَرِهَامُها
     ٥ مِنْ كلِّ سَارِيَةٍ وغادٍ مُدْجِنٍ * وَعَشِيَّةٍ مُتجاوبٍ إرْزَامُهَا
     ٦ فَعَلا فُرُوعُ الأيْهُقَانِ وَأطْفَلَتْ * بالجَلهَتين ظِبَاؤهَا ونَعَامُهَا

     Effaced are her resting-places where she stayed and settled in Mina: deserted are her camps in Ḡawl and ar-Rijām
     and the torrents of ar-Rayyān: the traces thereof are laid bare and are torn, as inscribed rocks.
     Campsites have already passed after their period of use; years of war and peace overcome.
     Cast off there fell upon them the rains of spring signs, and there swept sated thunder clouds and drizzling rains
     from every cloud of night, every full one of morn, and those of eve, answering like a hoting squawk,
     and there sprung shoots of arugula, and in the brinks of a valley the goats and antelopes have youngs.

Declension

Declension of noun سَلِم (salim)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِم salim	السَّلِم as-salim	سَلِم salim
Nominative	سَلِمٌ salimun	السَّلِمُ as-salimu	سَلِمُ salimu
Accusative	سَلِمًا saliman	السَّلِمَ as-salima	سَلِمَ salima
Genitive	سَلِمٍ salimin	السَّلِمِ as-salimi	سَلِمِ salimi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَة salima	السَّلِمَة as-salima	سَلِمَة salimat
Nominative	سَلِمَةٌ salimatun	السَّلِمَةُ as-salimatu	سَلِمَةُ salimatu
Accusative	سَلِمَةً salimatan	السَّلِمَةَ as-salimata	سَلِمَةَ salimata
Genitive	سَلِمَةٍ salimatin	السَّلِمَةِ as-salimati	سَلِمَةِ salimati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَتَيْن salimatayn	السَّلِمَتَيْن as-salimatayn	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Nominative	سَلِمَتَانِ salimatāni	السَّلِمَتَانِ as-salimatāni	سَلِمَتَا salimatā
Accusative	سَلِمَتَيْنِ salimatayni	السَّلِمَتَيْنِ as-salimatayni	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Genitive	سَلِمَتَيْنِ salimatayni	السَّلِمَتَيْنِ as-salimatayni	سَلِمَتَيْ salimatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلِمَات salimāt	السَّلِمَات as-salimāt	سَلِمَات salimāt
Nominative	سَلِمَاتٌ salimātun	السَّلِمَاتُ as-salimātu	سَلِمَاتُ salimātu
Accusative	سَلِمَاتٍ salimātin	السَّلِمَاتِ as-salimāti	سَلِمَاتِ salimāti
Genitive	سَلِمَاتٍ salimātin	السَّلِمَاتِ as-salimāti	سَلِمَاتِ salimāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِلَام silām	السِّلَام as-silām	سِلَام silām
Nominative	سِلَامٌ silāmun	السِّلَامُ as-silāmu	سِلَامُ silāmu
Accusative	سِلَامًا silāman	السِّلَامَ as-silāma	سِلَامَ silāma
Genitive	سِلَامٍ silāmin	السِّلَامِ as-silāmi	سِلَامِ silāmi

Etymology 6

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m (collective, singulative سَلَمَة f (salama), plural أَسْلَام (ʔaslām) or سِلَام (silām))

2. Acacia ehrenbergiana

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَة salama	السَّلَمَة as-salama	سَلَمَة salamat
Nominative	سَلَمَةٌ salamatun	السَّلَمَةُ as-salamatu	سَلَمَةُ salamatu
Accusative	سَلَمَةً salamatan	السَّلَمَةَ as-salamata	سَلَمَةَ salamata
Genitive	سَلَمَةٍ salamatin	السَّلَمَةِ as-salamati	سَلَمَةِ salamati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَتَيْن salamatayn	السَّلَمَتَيْن as-salamatayn	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Nominative	سَلَمَتَانِ salamatāni	السَّلَمَتَانِ as-salamatāni	سَلَمَتَا salamatā
Accusative	سَلَمَتَيْنِ salamatayni	السَّلَمَتَيْنِ as-salamatayni	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Genitive	سَلَمَتَيْنِ salamatayni	السَّلَمَتَيْنِ as-salamatayni	سَلَمَتَيْ salamatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَمَات salamāt	السَّلَمَات as-salamāt	سَلَمَات salamāt
Nominative	سَلَمَاتٌ salamātun	السَّلَمَاتُ as-salamātu	سَلَمَاتُ salamātu
Accusative	سَلَمَاتٍ salamātin	السَّلَمَاتِ as-salamāti	سَلَمَاتِ salamāti
Genitive	سَلَمَاتٍ salamātin	السَّلَمَاتِ as-salamāti	سَلَمَاتِ salamāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْلَام‎; سِلَام ʔaslām‎; silām	الْأَسْلَام‎; السِّلَام al-ʔaslām‎; as-silām	أَسْلَام‎; سِلَام ʔaslām‎; silām
Nominative	أَسْلَامٌ‎; سِلَامٌ ʔaslāmun‎; silāmun	الْأَسْلَامُ‎; السِّلَامُ al-ʔaslāmu‎; as-silāmu	أَسْلَامُ‎; سِلَامُ ʔaslāmu‎; silāmu
Accusative	أَسْلَامًا‎; سِلَامًا ʔaslāman‎; silāman	الْأَسْلَامَ‎; السِّلَامَ al-ʔaslāma‎; as-silāma	أَسْلَامَ‎; سِلَامَ ʔaslāma‎; silāma
Genitive	أَسْلَامٍ‎; سِلَامٍ ʔaslāmin‎; silāmin	الْأَسْلَامِ‎; السِّلَامِ al-ʔaslāmi‎; as-silāmi	أَسْلَامِ‎; سِلَامِ ʔaslāmi‎; silāmi

Etymology 7

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m

1. (collective) captives

   Synonym: سَبْي (saby)

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami

Etymology 8

Root
س ل م (s-l-m)

Noun

سَلَم • (salam) m

1. futures contract, time bargain, forward transaction

   Synonym: سَلَف (salaf)

Declension

Declension of noun سَلَم (salam)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَلَم salam	السَّلَم as-salam	سَلَم salam
Nominative	سَلَمٌ salamun	السَّلَمُ as-salamu	سَلَمُ salamu
Accusative	سَلَمًا salaman	السَّلَمَ as-salama	سَلَمَ salama
Genitive	سَلَمٍ salamin	السَّلَمِ as-salami	سَلَمِ salami

Egyptian Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic سُلَّم (sullam).

Noun

سلم • (sillim) m (plural سلالم (salālim))

1. stairs

Malay

Verb

سلم

1. Jawi spelling of selam

Persian

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَلَم (salam).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sa.lam]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.läm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.läm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sä.läm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sä.läm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæ.læm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sä.läm]

Readings
Classical reading?	salam
Dari reading?	salam
Iranian reading?	salam
Tajik reading?	salam

Noun

سلم • (salam)

2. Acacia ehrenbergiana

Etymology 2

From Avestan.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [salm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sälm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sälm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sälm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sälm]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sælm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [sälm]

Readings
Classical reading?	salm
Dari reading?	salm
Iranian reading?	salm
Tajik reading?	salm

Proper noun

سلم • (salm)

1. a male given name from Avestan
2. Salm (Shahnameh)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
س ل م
8 terms

Etymology

From Arabic سَلَّمَ (sallama).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sal.lam/, [ˈsal.lam]

• Audio (al-Lidd):

  (file)

Verb

سلّم • (sallam) II (present بسلّم (bisallem))

1. to greet

   Synonym: أهّل (ʔahhal)

2. (transitive) to hand in, to submit

   Synonym: قدّم (ʔaddam)

Conjugation

Conjugation of سلّم (sallam)
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سلّمت (sallamt)	سلّمت (sallamt)	سلّم (sallam)		سلّمنا (sallamna)	سلّمتو (sallamtu)	سلّمو (sallamu)
	f		سلّمتي (sallamti)	سلّمت (sallamat)
present	m	بسلّم (basallem)	بتسلّم (bitsallem)	بسلّم (bisallem)		منسلّم (minsallem)	بتسلّمو (bitsallmu)	بسلّمو (bisallmu)
	f		بتسلّمي (bitsallmi)	بتسلّم (bitsallem)
subjunctive	m	اسلّم (asallem)	تسلّم (tsallem)	يسلّم (ysallem)		نسلّم (nsallem)	تسلّمو (tsallmu)	يسلّمو (ysallmu)
	f		تسلّمي (tsallmi)	تسلّم (tsallem)
imperative	m		سلّم (sallem)				سلّمو (sallmu)
	f		سلّمي (sallmi)