lupa
Basque edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from Spanish lupa, from French loupe.
Noun edit
lupa inan
Declension edit
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | lupa | lupa | lupak |
ergative | lupak | lupak | lupek |
dative | lupari | lupari | lupei |
genitive | luparen | luparen | lupen |
comitative | luparekin | luparekin | lupekin |
causative | luparengatik | luparengatik | lupengatik |
benefactive | luparentzat | luparentzat | lupentzat |
instrumental | lupaz | lupaz | lupez |
inessive | lupatan | lupan | lupetan |
locative | lupatako | lupako | lupetako |
allative | lupatara | lupara | lupetara |
terminative | lupataraino | luparaino | lupetaraino |
directive | lupatarantz | luparantz | lupetarantz |
destinative | lupatarako | luparako | lupetarako |
ablative | lupatatik | lupatik | lupetatik |
partitive | luparik | — | — |
prolative | lupatzat | — | — |
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupes)
Further reading edit
- “lupa” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Czech edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa f
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Esperanto edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
lupa
Finnish edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, borrowed from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”) (note the descendant Old Norse lof (“praise, permission”)), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”). Attested since the time of Mikael Agricola (16th century).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa
- permission
- Minulla on lupa olla poissa koulusta tänään.
- I have permission to be absent from the school today.
- Minulla on lupa ampumiseen.
- I have permission to shoot.
- license, permit
Usage notes edit
That one has permission can always be expressed with the active first infinitive ("base form") of the verb, like olla in the first example above. Sometimes, especially if there are no other specifiers in addition to the verb, the illative of the active fourth infinitive is also accepted, like ampumiseen in the second example.
Declension edit
Inflection of lupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p-v gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | lupa | luvat | ||
genitive | luvan | lupien | ||
partitive | lupaa | lupia | ||
illative | lupaan | lupiin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | lupa | luvat | ||
accusative | nom. | lupa | luvat | |
gen. | luvan | |||
genitive | luvan | lupien lupain rare | ||
partitive | lupaa | lupia | ||
inessive | luvassa | luvissa | ||
elative | luvasta | luvista | ||
illative | lupaan | lupiin | ||
adessive | luvalla | luvilla | ||
ablative | luvalta | luvilta | ||
allative | luvalle | luville | ||
essive | lupana | lupina | ||
translative | luvaksi | luviksi | ||
abessive | luvatta | luvitta | ||
instructive | — | luvin | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Derived terms edit
- ajolupa
- ammattiajolupa
- anniskelulupa
- apteekkilupa
- arpajaislupa
- aseenkantolupa
- aselupa
- elinkeinolupa
- erikoislupa
- hallintolupa
- hallussapitolupa
- hautauslupa
- hirvenkaatolupa
- hirvilupa
- julkaisulupa
- kaatolupa
- kabotaasilupa
- kaivauslupa
- kalastuslupa
- kauttakulkulupa
- kotietsintälupa
- kuljetuslupa
- kulkulupa
- käyttölupa
- lakkolupa
- laskeutumislupa
- liikennelupa
- lupa-anomus
- lupa-asiakirja
- lupahakemus
- lupakirja
- lupakortti
- lupalappu
- lupamaksu
- lupamenettely
- lupanumero
- lupapäivä
- lupapäätös
- lupatarkastaja
- lupatarkastus
- luvananto
- luvanhaku
- luvanhaltija
- luvanvarainen
- lähtölupa
- maahantulolupa
- maahantuontilupa
- metsästyslupa
- myyntilupa
- naimalupa
- nostolupa
- oleskelulupa
- opetuslupa
- ostolupa
- poikkeuslupa
- poistumislupa
- purkulupa
- päästölupa
- radiolupa
- rakennuslupa
- saarnalupa
- siirtolupa
- sukelluslupa
- taksilupa
- televisiolupa
- toimenpidelupa
- toimilupa
- tuontilupa
- työlupa
- työskentelylupa
- valituslupa
- valmistuslupa
- valokuvauslupa
- vastaanottolupa
- vesilupa
- vientilupa
- ympäristölupa
References edit
- Häkkinen, Kaisa (2013). Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja. Helsinki: Sanoma Pro OY. →ISBN.
Further reading edit
- “lupa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams edit
Galician edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupas)
Indonesian edit
Etymology edit
- from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa. Compare to Tetun luha (”to forget”), Yamdena namlufe (”to forget”), Nias olifu (”forgot”).
- From Sanskrit लोप (lopa, “neglect”).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
lupa
Derived terms edit
Further reading edit
- “lupa” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Ingrian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa. Cognates include Finnish lupa and Estonian luba.
Pronunciation edit
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫupɑ]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈlupɑ/, [ˈɫub̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -upɑ
- Hyphenation: lu‧pa
Noun edit
lupa
Declension edit
Declension of lupa (type 3/koira, p-v gradation, gemination) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lupa | luvat |
genitive | luvan | luppiin |
partitive | luppaa | luppia |
illative | luppaa | luppii |
inessive | luvas | luvis |
elative | luvast | luvist |
allative | luvalle | luville |
adessive | luval | luvil |
ablative | luvalt | luvilt |
translative | luvaks | luviks |
essive | lupanna, luppaan | lupinna, luppiin |
exessive1) | lupant | lupint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
Derived terms edit
References edit
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[3], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 24
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 278
Italian edit
Etymology edit
For Vulgar Latin *lūpa instead of the attested Latin lupa, also reflected by Piedmontese and Lombard luf, perhaps onomatopoeic of the wolf's howling. Similarly unexpected is French loup (despite Old French leu).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupe)
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Kapampangan edit
Etymology edit
From Sanskrit रूप (rūpa). Compare Ilocano rupa, and Malay rupa.
Noun edit
lupa
Karelian edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).
Noun edit
lupa (genitive [please provide], partitive [please provide])
Kinaray-a edit
Etymology edit
From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Tagalog lupa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupà
Derived terms edit
Anagrams edit
Latin edit
Etymology edit
The feminine version of lupus. The sense “prostitute” is either a comparison of the prostitutes' predation on men to the wolf's rapacity,[1] as also in Isidore's (often fanciful) opinion,[2] or a reference to the she-wolf's uncleanliness and promiscuity (often culturally conflated), parallelled in English bitch.[3]
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈlu.pa/, [ˈɫ̪ʊpä]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈlu.pa/, [ˈluːpä]
Noun edit
lupa f (genitive lupae); first declension
Declension edit
First-declension noun (dative/ablative plural in -īs or -ābus).
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | lupa | lupae |
Genitive | lupae | lupārum |
Dative | lupae | lupīs lupābus |
Accusative | lupam | lupās |
Ablative | lupā | lupīs lupābus |
Vocative | lupa | lupae |
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
References edit
- ^ J. N. Adams (1983) “WORDS FOR 'PROSTITUTE' IN LATIN”, in Rheinisches Museum für Philologie[1], volume 126, number 3/4, →ISSN, page 333 of 321–358
- ^ Isidore of Seville, Etymologies 10.163: "lupa, meretrix, a rapacitate uocata, quod ad se rapiat miseros et adprehendat"
- ^ Servius on Virgil's Aeneid 3.647: "lupae, id est meretrices, dictae ab obscenitatis et odoris similitudine."
Further reading edit
- “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “lupa”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “lupa”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
Malay edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *lupa.
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
lupa (Jawi spelling لوڤا)
- to forget
- Aku sudah lupa yang dia sudah berpindah!
- I've forgotten that she's moved away!
Further reading edit
- “lupa” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
lupa m or f
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Noun edit
lupa f (definite singular lupa, indefinite plural luper or lupor, definite plural lupene or lupone)
Anagrams edit
Polish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French loupe, from Middle French loupe, from Old French loupe, from Frankish *luppa, from Proto-Germanic *lubbǭ, *lub-, from Proto-Indo-European *lep-.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa f
Declension edit
Further reading edit
Portuguese edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French loupe.[1]
Pronunciation edit
- Rhymes: -upɐ
- Hyphenation: lu‧pa
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupas)
References edit
- ^ “lupa” in Dicionário infopédia da Língua Portuguesa. Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2024.
Sicilian edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupi)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupi)
Etymology 3 edit
From the sound of brogna during the fog.
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupi)
Spanish edit
Etymology edit
Borrowed from French loupe. Compare English loupe.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa f (plural lupas)
Descendants edit
- → Basque: lupa
Further reading edit
- “lupa”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Tagalog edit
Etymology edit
From Greater Central Philippine *lupaʔ (“earth”). Compare Maranao lopa', Maguindanao lopa, and Tausug lupa. Possibly related to Sanskrit रुप् (rúp, “earth”). An alternate etymology posits it to be from Malay rupa (“form, appearance”), from Sanskrit रूप (rūpa, “outward appearance, color, form, shape”). Compare Ilocano rupa.
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈlupaʔ/ [ˈlu.pɐʔ]
- Rhymes: -upaʔ
- Syllabification: lu‧pa
Noun edit
lupà (Baybayin spelling ᜎᜓᜉ)
- earth; ground; soil
- Synonym: (uncommon) tiyera
- (by extension, uncommon) clay
- Synonym: luad
- bangang lupa ― clay jar
- earth; world
- (figurative) country; nation
- land property
- basement; ground floor; downstairs
- Synonym: silong
- (obsolete) act of owning a land property
- (obsolete) embankment
Derived terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- “lupa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613) Juan de Silva, editor, Vocabulario de lengua tagala: El romance castellano puesto primero[4], La Noble Villa de Pila
- page 2: “Abajo) Lupa (pp) en la tierra”
- page 105: “Barro) Lupa (pp) la brado en cantaros o ollas, o el yama ſado ꝑa la brallas”
- page 492: “Poſeſion) Lupa (pp) tierra o ſembrado”
- page 573: “Terraplenar) Lupa (pp) algo”
- page 574: “Tierra) Lupa (pp) la que piſamos”
Anagrams edit
Tausug edit
Noun edit
lupa
Votic edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Finnic *lupa, from Proto-Germanic *lubą (“praise”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ- (“to love”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
lupa
Inflection edit
Declension of lupa (type V/poikõ, p-v gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | lupa | luvad |
genitive | luva | lupijõ, lupii |
partitive | luppa | lupiitõ, lupii |
illative | luppasõ, luppa | lupiisõ |
inessive | luvaz | lupiiz |
elative | luvassõ | lupiissõ |
allative | luvalõ | lupiilõ |
adessive | luvallõ | lupiillõ |
ablative | luvaltõ | lupiiltõ |
translative | luvassi | lupiissi |
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. |
References edit
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
West Makian edit
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
lupa
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of lupa (stative verb) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
inclusive | exclusive | |||
1st person | tilupa | milupa | alupa | |
2nd person | nilupa | filupa | ||
3rd person | inanimate | ilupa | dilupa | |
animate | malupa | |||
imperative | —, lupa | —, lupa |
References edit
- James Collins (1982) Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary[5], Pacific linguistics
- Basque terms borrowed from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from Spanish
- Basque terms derived from French
- Basque lemmas
- Basque nouns
- Basque inanimate nouns
- Catalan terms borrowed from French
- Catalan terms derived from French
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan feminine nouns
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Czech/upa
- Rhymes:Czech/upa/2 syllables
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech feminine nouns
- Czech hard feminine nouns
- Esperanto terms suffixed with -a
- Esperanto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Esperanto/upa
- Esperanto lemmas
- Esperanto adjectives
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Finnish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewbʰ- (love)
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/upɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/upɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish nouns
- Finnish terms with usage examples
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- Galician lemmas
- Galician nouns
- Galician countable nouns
- Galician feminine nouns
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Sanskrit
- Indonesian 2-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Indonesian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Indonesian/pa
- Rhymes:Indonesian/pa/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Indonesian/a
- Rhymes:Indonesian/a/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian verbs
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/upɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/upɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian nouns
- Italian terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian 2-syllable words
- Italian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Italian/upa
- Rhymes:Italian/upa/2 syllables
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian countable nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian female equivalent nouns
- it:Female animals
- Kapampangan terms derived from Sanskrit
- Kapampangan lemmas
- Kapampangan nouns
- Karelian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Karelian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Karelian lemmas
- Karelian nouns
- Kinaray-a terms with IPA pronunciation
- Kinaray-a lemmas
- Kinaray-a nouns
- Latin 2-syllable words
- Latin terms with IPA pronunciation
- Latin lemmas
- Latin nouns
- Latin first declension nouns
- Latin feminine nouns in the first declension
- Latin feminine nouns
- Latin slang
- la:Female animals
- la:Wolves
- la:Prostitution
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay 2-syllable words
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/pa
- Rhymes:Malay/pa/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Malay/a
- Rhymes:Malay/a/2 syllables
- Malay lemmas
- Malay verbs
- Malay verbs without transitivity
- Malay terms with usage examples
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk feminine nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk weak feminine nouns ending in -a
- Polish terms borrowed from French
- Polish terms derived from French
- Polish terms derived from Middle French
- Polish terms derived from Old French
- Polish terms derived from Frankish
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Polish 2-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/upa
- Rhymes:Polish/upa/2 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish nouns
- Polish feminine nouns
- pl:Tools
- Portuguese terms borrowed from French
- Portuguese terms derived from French
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Portuguese/upɐ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/upɐ/2 syllables
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese nouns
- Portuguese countable nouns
- Portuguese feminine nouns
- pt:Tools
- pt:Optics
- Sicilian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sicilian terms inherited from Latin
- Sicilian terms derived from Latin
- Sicilian lemmas
- Sicilian nouns
- Sicilian feminine nouns
- Spanish terms borrowed from French
- Spanish terms derived from French
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Spanish/upa
- Rhymes:Spanish/upa/2 syllables
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish feminine nouns
- Tagalog 2-syllable words
- Tagalog terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Tagalog/upaʔ
- Rhymes:Tagalog/upaʔ/2 syllables
- Tagalog terms with malumi pronunciation
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog nouns
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with uncommon senses
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Tagalog terms with obsolete senses
- Tausug lemmas
- Tausug nouns
- Votic terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Votic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Votic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Votic/upɑ
- Rhymes:Votic/upɑ/2 syllables
- Votic lemmas
- Votic nouns
- Votic poikõ-type nominals
- West Makian terms with IPA pronunciation
- West Makian lemmas
- West Makian verbs
- West Makian stative verbs