Hungarian
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Icelandic
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Etymology
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From Proto-Polynesian *puŋa (“coral rock”) (compare with Hawaiian puna (“coral, lime, plaster, calcium”), Tahitian puʻa (“coral, lime”), Tongan punga, Samoan puga)[1] from Proto-Oceanic *buŋa (“white, porous coral or growth”) (compare with Fijian vuga), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa ni batu (“coral sponge, lit. 'stone bloom'”) extension of Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *buŋa (“flower”) (compare with Malay bunga and bunga karang (“sponge”)).[2][3] Doublet of pungapunga and pua.
punga
- coral
- any silicate or calcite material
- pungarehu: ash
- pungapunga: pumice
- anchor
punga
- to anchor
- to secure
- to sink, to fall
Related terms
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References
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- ^ Tregear, Edward (1891) Maori-Polynesian Comparative Dictionary[1], Wellington, New Zealand: Lyon and Blair, page 374
- ^ Ross Clark and Simon J. Greenhill, editors (2011), “puga.1”, in POLLEX-Online: The Polynesian Lexicon Project Online
- ^ Ross, Malcolm D., Pawley, Andrew, Osmond, Meredith (2008) The lexicon of Proto-Oceanic, volume 2: The Physical Environment, Canberra: Australian National University, →ISBN, page 108
Further reading
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- “punga” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.
Romanian
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Pronunciation
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-punga (infinitive kupunga)
- to decrease, diminish
- to exorcise
Conjugation
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Conjugation of -punga
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Positive present
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-napunga
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Subjunctive
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-punge
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Negative
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-pungi
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Imperative singular
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punga
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Infinitives
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Imperatives
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Tensed forms
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Habitual
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hupunga
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Positive past
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positive subject concord + -lipunga
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Negative past
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negative subject concord + -kupunga
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Positive present (positive subject concord + -napunga)
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Singular
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Plural
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1st person
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ninapunga/napunga
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tunapunga
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2nd person
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unapunga
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mnapunga
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3rd person
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m-wa(I/II)
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anapunga
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wanapunga
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other classes
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positive subject concord + -napunga
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Negative present (negative subject concord + -pungi)
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Singular
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Plural
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1st person
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sipungi
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hatupungi
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2nd person
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hupungi
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hampungi
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3rd person
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m-wa(I/II)
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hapungi
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hawapungi
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other classes
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negative subject concord + -pungi
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Positive future
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positive subject concord + -tapunga
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Negative future
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negative subject concord + -tapunga
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Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -punge)
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Singular
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Plural
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1st person
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nipunge
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tupunge
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2nd person
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upunge
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mpunge
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3rd person
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m-wa(I/II)
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apunge
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wapunge
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other classes
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positive subject concord + -punge
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Negative subjunctive
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positive subject concord + -sipunge
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Positive present conditional
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positive subject concord + -ngepunga
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Negative present conditional
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positive subject concord + -singepunga
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Positive past conditional
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positive subject concord + -ngalipunga
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Negative past conditional
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positive subject concord + -singalipunga
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Perfect
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positive subject concord + -mepunga
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"Already"
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positive subject concord + -meshapunga
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"Not yet"
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negative subject concord + -japunga
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"If/When"
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positive subject concord + -kipunga
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"If not"
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positive subject concord + -sipopunga
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Consecutive
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kapunga / positive subject concord + -kapunga
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Consecutive subjunctive
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positive subject concord + -kapunge
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Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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Derived terms
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Etymology
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pung (“scrotum”) + -a
punga (present pungar, preterite pungade, supine pungat, imperative punga)
- (slang) to place (something) between one's penis and scrotum (or in one's underwear more generally, usually for smuggling purposes)
Conjugation
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Conjugation of punga (weak)
See also
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References
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Etymology
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(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
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punga (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜅ) (derogatory)
- Chinese person
Related terms
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See also
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Further reading
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- “punga”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018
- Santos, Vito C. (1978) Vicassan's Pilipino-English Dictionary, Revised edition (overall work in Tagalog and English), With an Introduction by Teodoro A. Agoncillo, Metro Manila: National Book Store, →ISBN, page 2157