Wiktionary

供

供 U+4F9B, 供
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F9B
← 侚
[U+4F9A] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 侜 →
[U+4F9C]

Translingual

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Han character

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供 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人廿金 (OTC), four-corner 24281, composition ⿰亻共)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 102, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 605
  • Dae Jaweon: page 216, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 144, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4F9B

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 供
alternative forms 共
龔／龚 to supply

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 供
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
 
s05738
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
L00855
 
L00856
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (共) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
港 *kroːŋʔ, *ɡloːŋs
巷 *ɡroːŋs
衖 *ɡroːŋs
鬨 *ɡroːŋs, *ɡloːŋs
烘 *qʰloːŋ, *qʰloːŋs, *ɡoːŋ, *ɡloːŋs
洪 *ɡloːŋ
鉷 *ɡloːŋ
谼 *ɡloːŋ
葓 *ɡoːŋ
哄 *ɡloːŋs
蕻 *ɡloːŋs
恭 *kloŋ
供 *kloŋ, *kloŋs
龔 *kloŋ
珙 *kloŋ, *kloŋʔ
共 *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs
髸 *kloŋ
拱 *kloŋʔ
拲 *kloŋʔ, *kloɡ
蛬 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
栱 *kloŋʔ
輁 *kloŋʔ, *ɡloŋ
舼 *ɡloŋ
輂 *kloɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kloŋ, *kloŋs) : semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 共 (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • keng - vernacular;
  • kiong - literary.
Rime
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 九容切
Baxter kjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kuawŋ/
Li
Rong 		/kioŋ/
Wang
Li 		/kĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jiōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		gung1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 供
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		gōng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjowng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k<r>oŋ/
English furnish; serve, offer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 供
Reading # 1/2
No. 4167
Phonetic
component 		共
Rime
group 		東
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		恭
Old
Chinese 		/*kloŋ/

Definitions

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供

  1. to supply; to provide for
  2. to provide certain convenience or support
  3. to pay in installments
    供樓／供楼 [Cantonese]  ―  gung1 lau4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to pay a housing mortgage
  4. Alternative form of 恭 (gōng, “to respect”)
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • gōng - Taiwan standard for “to confess; confession”, and Mainland standard for “to look after”. In actual usage, however, the two pronunciations are often confused.
Note:
  • kiòng - literary;
  • kèng - vernacular.
Note: gêng1 - alternative reading.
Note:
  • 2jion - vernacular;
  • 2kon - literary.
    Rime
    Character 供
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 鍾 (7)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 居用切
    Baxter kjowngH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kɨoŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kioŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kioŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kuawŋH/
    Li
    Rong         		/kioŋH/
    Wang
    Li         		/kĭwoŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ki̯woŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiòng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gung3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 供
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 4178
    Phonetic
    component         		共
    Rime
    group         		東
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		供
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kloŋs/

    Definitions

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    供

    1. to present incense or offerings before the image of a god or the deceased; to enshrine and worship
    2. offering; tribute; sacrifice
    3. to assume office
    4. to confess; to own up; to make a confession of
      供述  ―  gōngshù  ―  to confess (in an interrogation)
    5. confession; admission; owning up
    6. to look after (one's parents or children etc.); to support
    7. (Hakka) to raise (children or animals); to feed (livestocks)
      供豬仔／供猪仔 [Meixian Hakka]  ―  giung4 zu1 ê3 [Hakka Transliteration Scheme]  ―  to feed pigs

    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    供

    (grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. companion
    2. offer

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Kanji in this term
    供
    とも
    Grade: 6
    kun’yomi

    Noun

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    供(とも) • (tomo) 

    1. attendant, servant
    2. companion
    3. entourage

    Derived terms

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    Derived terms

    Korean

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    Hanja

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    供 (eumhun 이바지할 공 (ibajihal gong))

    1. Hanja form? of 공 (“contribute, supply, provide”).

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    供: Hán Nôm readings: cung, cúng, củng, cũng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

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