شعير

Arabic

Etymology

Compare Aramaic סְעַרְתָּא / ܣܥܪܬܐ (səʿārtā), Hebrew שְׂעוֹרָה (śəʿōrā), also meaning barley. From the root ش ع ر (š-ʕ-r) for its appearance of hairiness.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃa.ʕiːr/

Noun

شَعِير • (šaʕīr) m (collective, singulative شَعِيرَة f (šaʕīra))

1. barley
   • 7th century CE, Sunan Abī Dāwud, 23:24:

     الذَّهَبُ بِٱلذَّهَبِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْفِضَّةُ بِٱلْفِضَّةِ تِبْرُهَا وَعَيْنُهَا وَٱلْبُرُّ بِٱلْبُرِّ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلشَّعِيرُ بِٱلشَّعِيرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلتَّمْرُ بِٱلتَّمْرِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ وَٱلْمِلْحُ بِٱلْمِلْحِ مُدْيٌ بِمُدْيٍ

     aḏ-ḏahabu bi-ḏ-ḏahabi tibruhā waʕaynuhā wal-fiḍḍatu bi-l-fiḍḍati tibruhā waʕaynuhā wal-burru bi-l-burri mudyun bimudyin waš-šaʕīru bi-š-šaʕīri mudyun bimudyin wat-tamru bi-t-tamri mudyun bimudyin wal-milḥu bi-l-milḥi mudyun bimudyin

     Gold is to be weighed for in gold, raw and coined, silver in silver, raw and coined, wheat in wheat in equal measure, barley in barley in equal measure, dates in dates in equal measure, salt in salt in equal measure.

Declension

Declension of noun شَعِير (šaʕīr)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَعِير šaʕīr	الشَّعِير aš-šaʕīr	شَعِير šaʕīr
Nominative	شَعِيرٌ šaʕīrun	الشَّعِيرُ aš-šaʕīru	شَعِيرُ šaʕīru
Accusative	شَعِيرًا šaʕīran	الشَّعِيرَ aš-šaʕīra	شَعِيرَ šaʕīra
Genitive	شَعِيرٍ šaʕīrin	الشَّعِيرِ aš-šaʕīri	شَعِيرِ šaʕīri
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَعِيرَة šaʕīra	الشَّعِيرَة aš-šaʕīra	شَعِيرَة šaʕīrat
Nominative	شَعِيرَةٌ šaʕīratun	الشَّعِيرَةُ aš-šaʕīratu	شَعِيرَةُ šaʕīratu
Accusative	شَعِيرَةً šaʕīratan	الشَّعِيرَةَ aš-šaʕīrata	شَعِيرَةَ šaʕīrata
Genitive	شَعِيرَةٍ šaʕīratin	الشَّعِيرَةِ aš-šaʕīrati	شَعِيرَةِ šaʕīrati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَعِيرَتَيْن šaʕīratayn	الشَّعِيرَتَيْن aš-šaʕīratayn	شَعِيرَتَيْ šaʕīratay
Nominative	شَعِيرَتَانِ šaʕīratāni	الشَّعِيرَتَانِ aš-šaʕīratāni	شَعِيرَتَا šaʕīratā
Accusative	شَعِيرَتَيْنِ šaʕīratayni	الشَّعِيرَتَيْنِ aš-šaʕīratayni	شَعِيرَتَيْ šaʕīratay
Genitive	شَعِيرَتَيْنِ šaʕīratayni	الشَّعِيرَتَيْنِ aš-šaʕīratayni	شَعِيرَتَيْ šaʕīratay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَعِيرَات šaʕīrāt	الشَّعِيرَات aš-šaʕīrāt	شَعِيرَات šaʕīrāt
Nominative	شَعِيرَاتٌ šaʕīrātun	الشَّعِيرَاتُ aš-šaʕīrātu	شَعِيرَاتُ šaʕīrātu
Accusative	شَعِيرَاتٍ šaʕīrātin	الشَّعِيرَاتِ aš-šaʕīrāti	شَعِيرَاتِ šaʕīrāti
Genitive	شَعِيرَاتٍ šaʕīrātin	الشَّعِيرَاتِ aš-šaʕīrāti	شَعِيرَاتِ šaʕīrāti

Descendants

• Maltese: xgħir
• Moroccan Arabic: شعير (šʕīr)
• → Mabaan: cayiira
• → Swahili: shayiri
• → Tigre: ሽዒር (šəʿir)