مشتهى

Arabic edit

FWOTD – 5 November 2022

Etymology 1 edit

Derived from the passive participle of اِشْتَهَى (ištahā).

Adjective edit

مُشْتَهًى • (muštahan) (feminine مُشْتَهَاة (muštahāh), masculine plural مُشْتَهَوْن (muštahawn), feminine plural مُشْتَهَيَات (muštahayāt))

wished, desired, craved for

Declension edit

Declension of adjective مُشْتَهًى (muštahan)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	singular in ـًى (-an)		singular triptote in ـَاة (-āh)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَاة muštahāt	الْمُشْتَهَاة al-muštahāt
Nominative	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَاةٌ muštahātun	الْمُشْتَهَاةُ al-muštahātu
Accusative	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَاةً muštahātan	الْمُشْتَهَاةَ al-muštahāta
Genitive	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَاةٍ muštahātin	الْمُشْتَهَاةِ al-muštahāti
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْتَهَيَيْن muštahayayn	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْن al-muštahayayn	مُشْتَهَاتَيْن muštahātayn	الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْن al-muštahātayn
Nominative	مُشْتَهَيَانِ muštahayāni	الْمُشْتَهَيَانِ al-muštahayāni	مُشْتَهَاتَانِ muštahātāni	الْمُشْتَهَاتَانِ al-muštahātāni
Accusative	مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni	مُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ muštahātayni	الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ al-muštahātayni
Genitive	مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni	مُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ muštahātayni	الْمُشْتَهَاتَيْنِ al-muštahātayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound plural in ـَوْنَ (-awna)		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	مُشْتَهَيْن muštahayn	الْمُشْتَهَيْن al-muštahayn	مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt	الْمُشْتَهَيَات al-muštahayāt
Nominative	مُشْتَهَوْنَ muštahawna	الْمُشْتَهَوْنَ al-muštahawna	مُشْتَهَيَاتٌ muštahayātun	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتُ al-muštahayātu
Accusative	مُشْتَهَيْنَ muštahayna	الْمُشْتَهَيْنَ al-muštahayna	مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti
Genitive	مُشْتَهَيْنَ muštahayna	الْمُشْتَهَيْنَ al-muštahayna	مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti

Noun edit

مُشْتَهًى • (muštahan) m (dual مُشْتَهَيَانِ (muštahayāni), plural مُشْتَهَيَات (muštahayāt))

wish, desire

Declension edit

Declension of noun مُشْتَهًى (muštahan)

Singular	singular in ـًى (-an)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Nominative	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Accusative	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Genitive	مُشْتَهًى muštahan	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُشْتَهَيَيْن muštahayayn	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْن al-muštahayayn	مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay
Nominative	مُشْتَهَيَانِ muštahayāni	الْمُشْتَهَيَانِ al-muštahayāni	مُشْتَهَيَا muštahayā
Accusative	مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni	مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay
Genitive	مُشْتَهَيَيْنِ muštahayayni	الْمُشْتَهَيَيْنِ al-muštahayayni	مُشْتَهَيَيْ muštahayay
Plural	sound feminine plural
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt	الْمُشْتَهَيَات al-muštahayāt	مُشْتَهَيَات muštahayāt
Nominative	مُشْتَهَيَاتٌ muštahayātun	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتُ al-muštahayātu	مُشْتَهَيَاتُ muštahayātu
Accusative	مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti	مُشْتَهَيَاتِ muštahayāti
Genitive	مُشْتَهَيَاتٍ muštahayātin	الْمُشْتَهَيَاتِ al-muštahayāti	مُشْتَهَيَاتِ muštahayāti

مُشْتَهَى

Etymology 2 edit

A plant not spread in the Arab world except scatteredly in Northwest Africa – a Romance borrowing, akin to Portuguese mostajeiro, Asturian mostayo, Leonese mostellar, mostayal, mostayo, Spanish mostajo, mostellar (the form mostellar from Leonese), Aragonese mostayo, mostajo, mostachera, moixera, Catalan mogera, moixera, moxera, meaning Sorbus aria, deriving from Vulgar Latin extensions of Latin mustum (“must”), because of the berries being stored in must or tasting of wine. Doublet of مُصْطَار / مُسْطَار (muṣṭār / musṭār, “must”), an earlier borrowing of a unit of measure for must.

Noun edit

مُشْتَهَى • (muštahā) f

common whitebeam (Aria edulis, syn. Sorbus aria)
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʔaḥmad ibn al-ʕawwām], edited by José Antonio Banqueri, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 30, Art. 8, page 429:
  وفيه ينضج الخوخ والرمان والسفرجل ويسود بعض حب الريتون ويطيب حب شجر المشتهى والبلوط والقسطل ويفصل الجوز وهو أفضل وقت جمعه وفيه يجمع الصنوبر والعناب ويظهر فيه الأسفاراج وفيه يبدئ بالحرث والزراعة بعد نزول الغيث وذلك في بعض البلاد وفيه تجمع الكراويا والكمون واللوبياء والدرونج وبزور الأحباق والكزبر والأرز وتقلع الحناء.
  In this ripen the peach, the pomegranate, and the quince, and some olives become black, and the common whitebeam and the oak and the chestnut become good, and the walnuts open, and it is the best time to gather them, and in it pines and jujubes are harvested, and in it asparagus appears, and one begins to till and sow after the rain in some regions, and one collects caraway and jeera and green beans and leopard’s bane and basil seeds and coriander and rice and pulls the henna.

Declension edit

Declension of noun مُشْتَهَى (muštahā)

Singular	singular invariable
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Nominative	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Accusative	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā
Genitive	مُشْتَهَى muštahā	الْمُشْتَهَى al-muštahā	مُشْتَهَى muštahā

References edit

“mostellar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014
Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “مشتهى”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 797
Freytag, Georg (1833) “مشتهى”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 462
Simonet, Francisco Javier (1888) Glosario de voces ibéricas y latinas usadas entre los mozárabes (in Spanish), Madrid: Establecimiento tipográfico de Fortanet, pages 381–383