ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ

Mongolian

Etymology

From Classical Mongolian ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol), from Middle Mongol ᠮᠣᠩᠬᠣᠯ (mongqol).

Compare also Buryat монгол (mongol), Written Oirat ᡏᡆᡊᡎᡆᠯ (mongɣol), Kalmyk моңһл (moñğl); Tuvan моол (mool), Khakas моол (mool), Southern Altai моҥол (moŋol); Jurchen [script needed] (*moŋgu), Manchu ᠮᠣᠩᡤᠣ (monggo); etc.

Sükhbataar (1992) and de la Vaissière (2021) derive this ethnonym from the Rouran Khaganate's progenitor's personal Tuoba name, which is transliterated as 木骨閭 (MC muwk kwot ljo) and glossed as 首禿 "bald-headed" in Chinese-language sources.^[1]^[2] The original Tuoba word has been proposed to be cognate with Middle Mongol [script needed] (muqular, “bald, hornless”) (> Mongolian мухар (muxar, “bald, hornless, tailless; blunt, dull”)) and reconstructed as muqo-lo ~ moqo-lo by Vovin (2007: 200-202)^[3] and mʊqʊlɪ by Shimunek (2017: 147-148).^[4]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈmɔŋkɔɮ/
Syllabification: мон‧гол (2 syllables)

Noun

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ • (mongɣol) (Cyrillic spelling монгол (mongol), definite plural ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ)

Mongol, Mongolian (person, people)

Declension

Declension of ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ


nominative	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ (mongɣol)
genitive	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠨ (mongɣol-un)
substantive genitive	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠳᠤ (mongɣol-du)
dative-locative	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠢ (mongɣol-i)
definite accusative	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠠᠴᠠ (mongɣol-ača)
ablative	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠢᠶᠠᠷ (mongɣol-iyar)
instrumental	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠲᠠᠢ (mongɣol-tai)
comitative	ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠷᠤ (mongɣol-ru)
directional	[Term?]

Adjective

ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ • (mongɣol) (Cyrillic spelling монгол (mongol))

Mongol, Mongolian
ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ
ᠬᠡᠯᠡ
mongɣol kele
Mongolian language

References

^ Г. Сүхбаатар (1992) “Монгол Нирун улс [Mongol Nirun (Rouran) state]”, in Монголын эртний түүх судлал, III боть [Historiography of Ancient Mongolia, Volume III] (in Mongolian), volume 3, pages 330–550
^ de la Vaissière, É. (2021). “The Origin of the Name ‘Mongol’”. International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics, 3(2), 266-271. tentative draft
^ Vovin, A. (2007). “Once Again on the Tabgač Language”. Mongolian Studies, 29, 191–206. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43193441
^ Shimunek, Andrew E (2017) Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: A Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology

[1] Г. Сүхбаатар (1992) “Монгол Нирун улс [Mongol Nirun (Rouran) state]”, in Монголын эртний түүх судлал, III боть [Historiography of Ancient Mongolia, Volume III] (in Mongolian), volume 3, pages 330–550

[2] Vaissière, É. (2021). “The Origin of the Name ‘Mongol’”. International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics, 3(2), 266-271. tentative draft

[3] Vovin, A. (2007). “Once Again on the Tabgač Language”. Mongolian Studies, 29, 191–206. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43193441

[4] Shimunek, Andrew E (2017) Languages of Ancient Southern Mongolia and North China: A Historical-Comparative Study of the Serbi or Xianbei Branch of the Serbi-Mongolic Language Family, with an Analysis of Northeastern Frontier Chinese and Old Tibetan Phonology

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