ἐλεαίρω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Like ἐλεέω (eleéō), from ἔλεος (éleos, “pity”). Compare ἐχθαίρω (ekhthaírō, “to hate”) from ἐχθρός (ekhthrós, “hated”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.le.ǎi̯.rɔː/ → /e.leˈɛ.ro/ → /e.leˈe.ro/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.le.ǎi̯.rɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /e.leˈɛ.ro/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /e.leˈɛ.ro/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /e.leˈe.ro/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /e.leˈe.ro/

Verb

ἐλεαίρω • (eleaírō) (Epic)

1. (transitive) to feel pity for, have pity on someone [+participle = because they ...]
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 1.19–21:

     ... θεοὶ δ’ ἐλέαιρον ἅπαντες
     νόσφι Ποσειδᾱ́ωνος· ὁ δ’ ἀσπερχὲς μενέαινεν
     ἀντιθέῳ Ὀδυσῆϊ πάρος ἣν γαῖαν ἱκέσθαι.

     ... theoì d’ eléairon hápantes
     nósphi Poseidā́ōnos; ho d’ asperkhès menéainen
     antithéōi Odusêï páros hḕn gaîan hikésthai.

     All the gods pitied [Odysseus]
     except for Poseidon. He unceasingly raged
     against godlike Odysseus until he reached his homeland.

Inflection

   Present: ἐλεαίρω (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλεαίρω	ἐλεαίρεις	ἐλεαίρει	ἐλεαίρετον	ἐλεαίρετον	ἐλεαίρομεν	ἐλεαίρετε	ἐλεαίρουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἐλεαίρω, ἐλεαίρωμῐ	ἐλεαίρῃς, ἐλεαίρῃσθᾰ	ἐλεαίρῃ, ἐλεαίρῃσῐ	ἐλεαίρητον	ἐλεαίρητον	ἐλεαίρωμεν	ἐλεαίρητε	ἐλεαίρωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἐλεαίροιμῐ	ἐλεαίροισ(θᾰ)	ἐλεαίροι	ἐλεαίροιτον	ἐλεαιροίτην	ἐλεαίροιμεν	ἐλεαίροιτε	ἐλεαίροιεν
	imperative		ἐλέαιρε	ἐλεαιρέτω	ἐλεαίρετον	ἐλεαιρέτων		ἐλεαίρετε	ἐλεαιρόντων
		active
infinitive		ἐλεαίρειν/ἐλεαιρέμεν(αι)/ἐλεαιρμέναι
participle	m	ἐλεαίρων
	f	ἐλεαίρουσᾰ
	n	ἐλεαῖρον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐλέαιρον (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλέαιρον	ἐλέαιρες	ἐλέαιρε(ν)	ἐλεαίρετον	ἐλεαιρέτην	ἐλεαίρομεν	ἐλεαίρετε	ἐλέαιρον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ἐλεαίρεσκον (iterative)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἐλεαίρεσκον	ἐλεαίρεσκες	ἐλεαίρεσκε(ν)	ἐλεαιρέσκετον	ἐλεαιρεσκέτην	ἐλεαιρέσκομεν	ἐλεαιρέσκετε	ἐλεαίρεσκον
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

• “ἐλεαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἐλεαίρω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἐλεαίρω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἐλεαίρω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963