ἔγγραυλις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ἐγγραύλη (engraúlē), ἐγγραυλίς (engraulís), ἔγγραυλος (éngraulos)

Etymology

Unexplained. Strömberg starts from an unattested verb *ἐγγραυλίζω (*engraulízō), beside γρυλίζω (grulízō, “to grumble”); thus this word would mean "the grumbling one". However, the variation αυ/υ is not convincing.^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /éŋ.ɡrau̯.lis/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈeŋ.ɡraw.lis/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈeŋ.ɡra.βlis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈeŋ.ɡra.vlis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈeŋ.ɡra.vlis/

Noun

ἔγγραυλῐς • (éngraulis) f (genitive ἐγγραύλεως); third declension

European anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus)
Synonym: ἐγκρᾱσίχολος (enkrāsíkholos)

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ἔγγραυλῐς; τῆς ἐγγραύλεως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἔγγραυλῐς hē éngraulis	τὼ ἐγγραύλει tṑ engraúlei	αἱ ἐγγραύλεις hai engraúleis
Genitive	τῆς ἐγγραύλεως tês engraúleōs	τοῖν ἐγγραυλέοιν toîn engrauléoin	τῶν ἐγγραύλεων tôn engraúleōn
Dative	τῇ ἐγγραύλει têi engraúlei	τοῖν ἐγγραυλέοιν toîn engrauléoin	ταῖς ἐγγραύλεσῐ / ἐγγραύλεσῐν taîs engraúlesi(n)
Accusative	τὴν ἔγγραυλῐν tḕn éngraulin	τὼ ἐγγραύλει tṑ engraúlei	τᾱ̀ς ἐγγραύλεις tā̀s engraúleis
Vocative	ἔγγραυλῐ éngrauli	ἐγγραύλει engraúlei	ἐγγραύλεις engraúleis
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

Greek: γαύρος (gávros)
→ Translingual: Engraulis

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔγγραυλῐς, -εως”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 369