무겁다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 므〮겁다〮 (Yale: múkèptá), from 므〮기다〮 (múkìtá, “to make heavy”) +‎ 업 (-ep-, adjective-deriving suffix).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [muɡʌ̹p̚t͈a̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [무겁따]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	mugeopda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	mugeobda
McCune–Reischauer?	mugŏpta
Yale Romanization?	mukepta

Adjective

무겁다 • (mugeopda) (irregular, infinitive 무거워, sequential 무거우니)

1. to be heavy

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 무겁다 (mugeopda): consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무겁다 mugeopda	무거워 mugeowo	무거워요 mugeowoyo	무겁습니다 mugeopseumnida
	Past	무거웠다 mugeowotda	무거웠어 mugeowosseo	무거웠어요 mugeowosseoyo	무거웠습니다 mugeowotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무거우냐 mugeounya	무거워 mugeowo	무거워요 mugeowoyo	무겁습니까 mugeopseumnikka
	Past	무거웠냐 mugeowonnya	무거웠어 mugeowosseo	무거웠어요 mugeowosseoyo	무거웠습니까 mugeowotseumnikka
Assertive		무겁겠다 mugeopgetda	무겁겠어 mugeopgesseo	무겁겠어요 mugeopgesseoyo	무겁겠습니다 mugeopgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		무거워 mugeowo	무거워서 mugeowoseo	무거우니 mugeouni	무거우니까 mugeounikka
Contrast		무겁지만 mugeopjiman	무거운데 mugeounde	무겁더니 mugeopdeoni
Conjunction		무겁고 mugeopgo
Condition		무거우면 mugeoumyeon	무거워야 mugeowoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		무거움 mugeoum	무겁기 mugeopgi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무거웠음 mugeowosseum	무거웠기 mugeowotgi
Determiners	Present		무거운 mugeoun
	Future		무거울 mugeoul

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	무거우시다 mugeousida	무거우셔 mugeousyeo	무거우세요, 무거우셔요 mugeouseyo, mugeousyeoyo	무거우십니다 mugeousimnida
	Past	무거우셨다 mugeousyeotda	무거우셨어 mugeousyeosseo	무거우셨어요 mugeousyeosseoyo	무거우셨습니다 mugeousyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	무거우시냐 mugeousinya	무거우셔 mugeousyeo	무거우세요, 무거우셔요 mugeouseyo, mugeousyeoyo	무거우십니까 mugeousimnikka
	Past	무거우셨냐 mugeousyeonnya	무거우셨어 mugeousyeosseo	무거우셨어요 mugeousyeosseoyo	무거우셨습니까 mugeousyeotseumnikka
Assertive		무거우시겠다 mugeousigetda	무거우시겠어 mugeousigesseo	무거우시겠어요 mugeousigesseoyo	무거우시겠습니다 mugeousigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		무거우셔 mugeousyeo	무거우셔서 mugeousyeoseo	무거우시니 mugeousini	무거우시니까 mugeousinikka
Contrast		무거우시지만 mugeousijiman	무거우신데 mugeousinde	무거우시더니 mugeousideoni
Conjunction		무거우시고 mugeousigo
Condition		무거우시면 mugeousimyeon	무거우셔야 mugeousyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		무거우심 mugeousim	무거우시기 mugeousigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		무거우셨음 mugeousyeosseum	무거우셨기 mugeousyeotgi
Determiners	Present		무거우신 mugeousin
	Future		무거우실 mugeousil

Antonyms

• 가볍다 (gabyeopda)

References

• National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (2007 June 9 (last accessed)) “무겁다 [mugeopda]”, in 표준국어대사전 [pyojun'gugeodaesajeon]‎^[1]