잔인하다

Korean

Etymology

잔인(殘忍) (janin) +‎ 하다 (-hada, “to do”, light verb deriving adjectives).

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [t͡ɕa̠ninɦa̠da̠]
• Phonetic hangul: [자닌하다]

Romanizations
Revised Romanization?	janinhada
Revised Romanization (translit.)?	jan'inhada
McCune–Reischauer?	chaninhada
Yale Romanization?	can.in.hata

Adjective

잔인하다 • (janinhada) (infinitive 잔인해 or 잔인하여, sequential 잔인하니)

1. to be cruel; to be ruthless

Conjugation

    Selected forms of the adjective 잔인하다 (janinhada): vowel-stem, 하(ha)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
		Formal non-polite (해라체)	Informal non-polite (해체)	Informal polite (해요체)	Formal polite (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잔인하다 janinhada	잔인해 janinhae	잔인해요 janinhaeyo	잔인합니다 janinhamnida
	Past	잔인했다 janinhaetda	잔인했어 janinhaesseo	잔인했어요 janinhaesseoyo	잔인했습니다 janinhaetseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잔인하냐 janinhanya	잔인해 janinhae	잔인해요 janinhaeyo	잔인합니까 janinhamnikka
	Past	잔인했냐 janinhaennya	잔인했어 janinhaesseo	잔인했어요 janinhaesseoyo	잔인했습니까 janinhaetseumnikka
Assertive		잔인하겠다 janinhagetda	잔인하겠어 janinhagesseo	잔인하겠어요 janinhagesseoyo	잔인하겠습니다 janinhagetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason		잔인해 janinhae	잔인해서, 잔인하여서 janinhaeseo, janinhayeoseo	잔인하니 janinhani	잔인하니까 janinhanikka
Contrast		잔인하지만 janinhajiman	잔인한데 janinhande	잔인하더니 janinhadeoni
Conjunction		잔인하고 janinhago
Condition		잔인하면 janinhamyeon	잔인해야, 잔인하여야 janinhaeya, janinhayeoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns		잔인함 janinham	잔인하기 janinhagi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잔인했음, 잔인하였음 janinhaesseum, janinhayeosseum	잔인했기, 잔인하였기 janinhaetgi, janinhayeotgi
Determiners	Present		잔인한 janinhan
	Future		잔인할 janinhal

Sentence-final forms with honorific
		Plain (해라체)	Informal (해체)	Polite (해요체)	Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative	Non-past	잔인하시다 janinhasida	잔인하셔 janinhasyeo	잔인하세요, 잔인하셔요 janinhaseyo, janinhasyeoyo	잔인하십니다 janinhasimnida
	Past	잔인하셨다 janinhasyeotda	잔인하셨어 janinhasyeosseo	잔인하셨어요 janinhasyeosseoyo	잔인하셨습니다 janinhasyeotseumnida
Interrogative	Non-past	잔인하시냐 janinhasinya	잔인하셔 janinhasyeo	잔인하세요, 잔인하셔요 janinhaseyo, janinhasyeoyo	잔인하십니까 janinhasimnikka
	Past	잔인하셨냐 janinhasyeonnya	잔인하셨어 janinhasyeosseo	잔인하셨어요 janinhasyeosseoyo	잔인하셨습니까 janinhasyeotseumnikka
Assertive		잔인하시겠다 janinhasigetda	잔인하시겠어 janinhasigesseo	잔인하시겠어요 janinhasigesseoyo	잔인하시겠습니다 janinhasigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason		잔인하셔 janinhasyeo	잔인하셔서 janinhasyeoseo	잔인하시니 janinhasini	잔인하시니까 janinhasinikka
Contrast		잔인하시지만 janinhasijiman	잔인하신데 janinhasinde	잔인하시더니 janinhasideoni
Conjunction		잔인하시고 janinhasigo
Condition		잔인하시면 janinhasimyeon	잔인하셔야 janinhasyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns		잔인하심 janinhasim	잔인하시기 janinhasigi
Past-tense verbal nouns		잔인하셨음 janinhasyeosseum	잔인하셨기 janinhasyeotgi
Determiners	Present		잔인하신 janinhasin
	Future		잔인하실 janinhasil