𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴

Old Persian

Etymology

Literally "Wolf-Land", composed of 𐎺𐎼𐎣 (v-r-k /⁠vṛka⁠/, “wolf”) + *-na- (nominal suffix).

From Proto-Iranian *Wárkānah (compare Avestan 𐬬𐬆𐬵𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬥𐬀 (vəhrkāna) and Parthian 𐭅𐭓𐭊𐭍 (wrkn /⁠wurgān⁠/)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /wr̩kaːna/

Proper noun

𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴 (Vạrkāna)

1. Gorgan; Vahrkana (old city)
2. satrapy of Hyrcania

Derived terms

• 𐎺𐎼𐎣𐎠𐎴𐎡𐎹 (v-r-k-a-n-i-y /⁠Vạrkāniya⁠/)

Descendants

• Middle Persian: 𐭢𐭥𐭫𐭢𐭠𐭭 (gʿlgʾn /⁠Gurgān⁠/)
  • → Ancient Greek: Γουργάν (Gourgán)
  • Persian: گرگان (gorgân)
• Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭫𐭥𐭰𐭠𐭭 (ʿlʿcʾn /⁠Wiruz-ān⁠/)
  • Persian: گرجستان (gorjestân)
• → Elamite:

  Achaemenid Elamite: 𒈪𒅕𒋡𒀭 (mi-ir-ka₄-an /⁠Mirkan⁠/)

• → Ancient Greek: Ὑρκᾱνίᾱ (Hurkāníā)
  • Greek: Υρκανία (Yrkanía)
  • → Latin: Hyrcania

References

• احدیان, م. (2010). Morphological survey of Hamedan's Toponyms. زبان و زبان‌شناسی, 6(12), 129-148.