Kazakh

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Turkic *-de. Cognate with Kyrgyz -де (-de), Turkish -de.

Suffix

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-де (-de)

  1. in, on, at (Denotes locative case)
    көл (köl, a lake) + ‎-де (-de) → ‎көлге (kölge, to a lake)

Usage notes

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This suffix has special endings -нда/-нде, when the third person possessive suffix is added

  • беті + -нде = бетінде (at his/her face)

See also

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  • -сі (-sı, third-person possessive suffix)
  • -ні (-nı, accusative case)
  • -нің (-nıñ, genitive case)
  • -ге (-ge, dative case)
  • -ден (-den, ablative case)
  • -мен (-men, instrumental case)

Russian

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Pronunciation

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Particle

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-де (-de)

  1. (slang) Used to indicate a shift in the speaker