Citations:baucan

English citations of baucan and baucans

• 1922, William Gordon Perrin, British Flags, Their Early History, and Their Development at Sea: With an Account of the Origin of the Flag as a National Device, Cambridge : University Press, page 161:

  ... and hoisted streamers of red sendal two yards broad and thirty yards long, called “baucans,” as a sign that no quarter would be given¹. […] In refusing to give up the spoils taken on this occasion, the allies explained to Edward I that when the "baucan" had been raised in an engagement of this kind no one could be held responsible for life or property taken².
  ¹ "lesquels banères sount appelés baucans, et la gent d'Engleterre les appellent stremeres, et celes banères signefient mort sans remède et mortele guerre en tous les lieux ou mariners sont."
  ² "nous ne sums tenus faire restitution ne amende si nulle chose eit esté fait ou prise par nous en ladite guerre; quar il est usage et ley de meer que de choses faites ou prises sur meer en guerre meisement ou ledit baukan soit levée ne doit estre fait restitution n'amende d'une partie ne d'autre." 'Baucan,' cognate with 'beacon,' must not be confused with 'bauçan.'

• 2013 May 17, Thomas Heebøll-Holm, Ports, Piracy and Maritime War: Piracy in the English Channel and the Atlantic, c. 1280-c. 1330, BRILL, →ISBN, page 106:

  ... called baucans, what the english call 'streamers', which among mariners everywhere signify war to the death ...

• 2013 December 19, Niklas Frykman, Mutiny and Maritime Radicalism in the Age of Revolution, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 105:

  The latter use of the flag had evolved from the medieval baucans, a thirty-yard-long solid red streamer that north European ships flew as they sailed into combat to indicate that no quarter would be given or taken, or, in other words, […]

• 2016 December 16, Anita Pisch, The personality cult of Stalin in Soviet posters, 1929–1953: Archetypes, inventions and fabrications, ANU Press, →ISBN, page 153:

  From the 13th century, a 'baucans', a plain red streamer flown from the masthead of a ship, signified the […]

other spellings

• 1915, Journal of Comparative Legislation and International Law:

  In that case the Cinque Ports remonstrated with Edward I. for interfering with some ships which they had captured ... the Normans had hoisted the flag called "baucan" or "bausan," which is everywhere known as meaning war to the […]

• 2004 October 7, N A M Rodger, The Safeguard of the Sea: A Naval History of Britain 660-1649, Penguin UK, →ISBN:

  ... they often used the king's arms rather than a national flag.13 From the fourteenth century at latest kings and ... in 1293 by claiming that the Normans wore 'banners of red silk each two ells broad and 30 long called “bausans”, […]

• 1882, George Henry Preble, History of the Flag of the United States of America: And of the Naval and Yacht-club Signals, Seals, and Arms, and Principal National Songs of the United States, with a Chronicle of the Symbols, Standards, Banners, and Flags of Ancient and Modern Nations, page 35:

  Amongst the most celebrated flags and standards of the French navy was the baucents, a name that recalls the banner of the Knights Templar. These flags of red taffeta, sometimes sprinkled with gold, were only employed in the most […]

• 1909, Mandell Creighton, Justin Winsor, Samuel Rawson Gardiner, Reginald Lane Poole, Sir John Goronwy Edwards, The English Historical Review, page 677:

  Later on in the reign, during the Spanish troubles, when her ships were lent to Hawkins and others for cruises in the ... In 1293 the Normans attacked them, they say, after hoisting a flag called 'baucent' or 'baucan'; the […]

• 2016 October 4, Benerson Little, The Golden Age of Piracy: The Truth Behind Pirate Myths, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

  So is this red flag the origin of the black flag with skull and crossbones that has come to be known as the Jolly Roger? ... A nineteenth-century historian traces this red banner's origin at sea to the red baucents—medieval pavilions or […]

• 2019 June 5, Andrew Holt, The World of the Crusades: A Daily Life Encyclopedia [2 volumes], ABC-CLIO, →ISBN, page 65:

  Templars, for example, were known for their distinctive red crosses on their white mantles, as well as their black-and-white baucent, or war flag, used in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. The black was said to represent the […]