Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kuhmu

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Possibly borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence Latvian kuzma).

Noun

*kuhmu

1. bump, lump

Inflection

Inflection of *kuhmu

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*kuhmu	*kuhmut
accusative		*kuhmun	*kuhmut
genitive		*kuhmun	*kuhmudën *kuhmuidën
partitive		*kuhmuda	*kuhmuida
inessive		*kuhmussa *kuhmuhna	*kuhmuissa *kuhmuihna
elative		*kuhmusta	*kuhmuista
illative		*kuhmuhën	*kuhmuihën
adessive		*kuhmulla	*kuhmuilla
ablative		*kuhmulta	*kuhmuilta
allative		*kuhmulën *kuhmulëk	*kuhmuilën *kuhmuilëk
essive		*kuhmuna	*kuhmuina
translative		*kuhmuksi	*kuhmuiksi
instructive		*kuhmun	*kuhmuin
comitative		*kuhmunëk	*kuhmuinëk
abessive		*kuhmutta	*kuhmuitta

Descendants

From *kuhmu:

• Estonian: (dialectal) kuhm
• Finnish: kuhmu
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: kuhmu
  • South Karelian: kuhmu
• Livvi: kuhmu
• Ludian: kuhm
• Veps: kuhm

From *kühmü:

• Estonian: kühm
• Finnish: kyhmy

From *kühmä:

• Võro: kühm

Further reading

• “kühm”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “kuhmu”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN