Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/muli

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Possibly from earlier *mula- +‎ *-i and borrowed from Proto-Baltic [Term?] (whence obsolete Latvian mūle (“hornless cow”) and Samogitian šmulas).

Adjective

*muli

1. hornless

   Synonym: *nuti

Noun

*muli

1. hornless cow

Inflection

Inflection of *muli

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*muli	*mulit
accusative		*mulin	*mulit
genitive		*mulin	*mulidën *mulëjidën
partitive		*mulida	*mulëjita
inessive		*mulissa *mulihna	*mulëjissa *mulëjihna
elative		*mulista	*mulëjista
illative		*mulihën	*mulëjisën
adessive		*mulilla	*mulëjilla
ablative		*mulilta	*mulëjilta
allative		*mulilën *mulilëk	*mulëjilën *mulëjilëk
essive		*mulina	*mulëjina
translative		*muliksi	*mulëjiksi
instructive		*mulin	*mulëjin
comitative		*mulinëk	*mulëjinëk
abessive		*mulitta	*mulëjitta

Descendants

• Finnish: muli
• Ingrian: muli
• Karelian:
  • South Karelian: ⇒ mulʹikki
• Votic: muli

From *mulu (+ *-u):

• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: mulʹlʹu
  • South Karelian: mulʹu
• Livvi: mulʹu
• Ludian: mulʹu

From compound *muli-pää:

• Finnish: mulipää
• Livonian: mūļpǟ
• Votic: mulipää

Further reading

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), “muli”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN