Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rakja

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”), possibly an old borrowing from a Germanic source akin to *rakjaną (“to straighten”), presuming a sense development "that which is straightened" > "limb".

Liukkonen (1999) proposes borrowing from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-, a variant of *ránkāˀ (“hand”) (whence e.g. Lithuanian ranka).

Noun

*rakja

1. limb

Declension

Inflection of *rakja

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*rakja	*rakjat
accusative		*rakjan	*rakjat
genitive		*rakjan	*rakjadën *rakjoidën
partitive		*rakjada	*rakjoida
inessive		*rakjassa *rakjahna	*rakjoissa *rakjoihna
elative		*rakjasta	*rakjoista
illative		*rakjahën	*rakjoihën
adessive		*rakjalla	*rakjoilla
ablative		*rakjalta	*rakjoilta
allative		*rakjalën *rakjalëk	*rakjoilën *rakjoilëk
essive		*rakjana	*rakjoina
translative		*rakjaksi	*rakjoiksi
instructive		*rakjan	*rakjoin
comitative		*rakjanëk	*rakjoinëk
abessive		*rakjatta	*rakjoitta

Hyponyms

• *jalka (“foot, leg”)
• *käci (“hand, arm”)

Derived terms

• *rakjoidak (“to cut up a slaughtered animal; to beat”)

Descendants

• Finnish: raaja, ravio
• Karelian: roakie
• Livonian: raigā
• Veps: ragj
• Võro: rag'a, ragja

References

• Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
• Liukkonen, Kari. 1999. Baltisches im Finnischen. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 235. →ISBN