Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/udar

This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Finnic

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Permic *utare (whence also Erzya одар (odar), Moksha одар (odar)), probably borrowed from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HúHdʰr̥ (whence Sanskrit ऊधर् (ūdhar) ), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥.

Noun

*udar

1. udder

Inflection

Inflection of *udar

Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility.
		singular	plural
nominative		*udar	*utarët
accusative		*utarën	*utarët
genitive		*utarën	*udardën *utaridën
partitive		*udarta	*utarita
inessive		*utarëssa *utarëhna	*utarissa *utarihna
elative		*utarësta	*utarista
illative		*utarësën	*utarisën
adessive		*utarëlla	*utarilla
ablative		*utarëlta	*utarilta
allative		*utarëlën *utarëlëk	*utarilën *utarilëk
essive		*udarna	*utarina
translative		*utarëksi	*utariksi
instructive		*utarën	*utarin
comitative		*udarnëk	*utarinëk
abessive		*utarëtta	*utaritta

Descendants

• Estonian: udar
• Finnish: udar
• Ingrian: uar
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: uvar
  • South Karelian: uvar
• Livonian: udār
• Livvi: uvar
• Ludian: udar, udared pl
• Veps: udar
• Võro: utar'
• Votic: utar, (Mati) uhar

From *utareh:

• Finnish: utare
• Karelian:
  • North Karelian: utareh
  • South Karelian: udareh
• Livvi: udareh

Further reading

• “udar”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
• Entry #1671 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.