Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sebun

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From earlier *sebunt, from Pre-Germanic *sepḿ̥t, a metathetic alteration of Proto-Indo-European *septḿ̥, with -t positioned through influence of *newun (“nine”) and *tehun (“ten”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈse.βun/

Numeral

**Proto-Germanic cardinal numbers**
< 6	7	8 >
Cardinal : sebun Ordinal* : sebundô Multiplier* : *sebunfalþaz

*sebun

seven

Derived terms

*sebunstirniją

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *sebun
- Old English: seofon, siofun, seofun — Mercian
  - Middle English: seven, ceven, seofen, seoven, sevene, sevyn, sewyn; zeven, zeve (Kent)
    - English: seven
    - Middle Scots: sevin, sewin
      - Scots: seiven, seeven
    - Yola: zeven
- Old Frisian: sigun, siugun, sogen, soven, saven, savn
  - North Frisian: soowen
  - Saterland Frisian: sogen
  - West Frisian: sân
- Old Saxon: sivun
  - Middle Low German: sēven
    - Low German: sæwen, sæben, seben, seven
    - German Low German: sëwe, sëwen, sæwen, sæben, söven
    - Dutch Low Saxon: söben, söven, seben, seven
    - Plautdietsch: säwen
- Old Dutch: sivon
  - Middle Dutch: seven
    - Dutch: zeven
      - Afrikaans: sewe
    - Limburgish: zeve
    - West Flemish: zēvne
- Old High German: sibun
  - Middle High German: siben, siven, seben, suben, söben
    - Alemannic German: sibe, sibä, siebë, siibe
    - Bavarian:
      Cimbrian: zibane, sibane (Luserna)
      Mòcheno: sim
    - Central Franconian: sibbe, sivve (Moselle Franconian, westernmost and easternmost Ripuarian)
      Hunsrik: sieve
      Luxembourgish: siwen
    - East Central German:
      Vilamovian: zejwa
    - East Franconian:
    - German: sieben
    - Rhine Franconian: siewe, siwwe
      Pennsylvania German: siwwe
    - Yiddish: זיבן (zibn)
Old Norse: sjau (< *seaβu < *seaβun)
- Icelandic: sjö
- Faroese: sjey
- Norn: sju
- Norwegian:
  - Norwegian Bokmål: sju
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: sju
- Old Swedish: siū, syū
  - Swedish: sju
- Old Danish: siu
  - Danish: syv
    - → Norwegian Bokmål: syv
- Elfdalian: sju
- Gutnish: sjau, sjavv
Gothic: 𐍃𐌹𐌱𐌿𐌽 (sibun)