Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/skardaz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *skordʰos, from Proto-Indo-European *skerdʰ-. Cognate with Old Irish scerdaid, Lithuanian sker̃sti (“to cut, slaughter”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈskɑr.ðɑz/

Adjective

*skardaz

cut up, damaged

Inflection

Declension of *skardaz (a-stem)

Strong declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skardaz	*skardai	*skardō	*skardôz	*skardą, -atō	*skardō
Accusative	*skardanǭ	*skardanz	*skardǭ	*skardōz	*skardą, -atō	*skardō
Genitive	*skardas, -is	*skardaizǫ̂	*skardaizōz	*skardaizǫ̂	*skardas, -is	*skardaizǫ̂
Dative	*skardammai	*skardaimaz	*skardaizōi	*skardaimaz	*skardammai	*skardaimaz
Instrumental	*skardanō	*skardaimiz	*skardaizō	*skardaimiz	*skardanō	*skardaimiz

Weak declension
Case	Masculine		Feminine		Neuter
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Nominative	*skardô	*skardaniz	*skardǭ	*skardōniz	*skardô	*skardōnō
Accusative	*skardanų	*skardanunz	*skardōnų	*skardōnunz	*skardô	*skardōnō
Genitive	*skardiniz	*skardanǫ̂	*skardōniz	*skardōnǫ̂	*skardiniz	*skardanǫ̂
Dative	*skardini	*skardammaz	*skardōni	*skardōmaz	*skardini	*skardammaz
Instrumental	*skardinē	*skardammiz	*skardōnē	*skardōmiz	*skardinē	*skardammiz

Related terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *skard
- Old English: sċeard
  - Middle English: scherd, scheard, scheord, scherde, schord, shard, sherd, sherde
    - English: shard, sherd
    - Scots: shaird
    - Yola: sheardhe, sheardh, shearde, sharde
- Old Frisian: skerd, skerde
- Old Saxon: skard
  - Middle Low German: schart
- Old High German: *skart
  - Middle High German: schart, scharte
    - German: Scharte
Old Norse: skarðr
- Icelandic: skarður