Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/pji̯əuˣ
Proto-Hmong-Mien
editAlternative reconstructions
editOstapirat (2016)[1] reconstructs *pˠ- as the Proto-Hmong-Mien initial, and also Proto-Mienic *pˠeu.
Etymology
editCompare Proto-Austroasiatic *pleʔ.[2]
Noun
edit*pji̯əuˣ
Descendants
edit- Hmongic
- Pa Hng
- Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: tjei³¹
- Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: pjei³¹³
- North Hmongic
- West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: qo³⁵pji⁴⁴
- East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: pji⁵⁵
- East Hmongic
- North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: tsen³⁵
- East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: tsen³⁵
- South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: tɕi⁵³
- West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: pei¹³
- Sheic
- Younuo 优诺: pji³³
- Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: pji⁵³
- Bana 巴那: pji⁴⁴
- She - Xiashuicun 下水村: tɔŋ³³pji⁵⁵
- West Hmongic
- Bunu
- Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: pji⁵³
- Nunu - Xishan 西山: pi³⁵
- Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: pji¹³
- Core
- East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵pzi⁵⁵
- West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²pje⁵⁵/tse⁵⁵
- Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: pi¹³
- Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: pei⁴²
- A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: tsɿ⁵⁵
- Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tsi⁵⁵
- Bunu
- Pa Hng
- Mienic
- Mien
- Guangdian (Jiangdi): pjou⁵²
- Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): pjəu⁵³
- Kim Mun
- Diangui (Liangzi): pjou⁵⁴⁵
- Fanghai (Tansan): ʔpjɔu⁵⁵
- Biao Mon
- Changping: pjəu⁵³
- Luoxiang: pjəu⁵³
- Biao Min
- Dongshan: pjau³⁵
- Shikou: bjɔu³⁵
- Niuweizhai: pjəu³⁵
- Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴bɛu²⁴
- Mien
References
edit- ^ Ostapirat, Weera (2016) “Issues in the Reconstruction and Affiliation of Proto-Miao-Yao”, in Language and Linguistics[1], volume 17, number 1, , pages 133–145
- ^ Ostapirat, Weera (2018) “Macrophyletic Trees of East Asian Languages Re examined”, in Kikusawa, Ritsuko, Reid, Lawrence A., editors, Let's Talk about Trees (Senri Ethnological Studies), Osaka: Minpaku,
- Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
- Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
- Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)