Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/prəuˣ
Proto-Hmong-Mien
editAlternative reconstructions
editOstapirat (2016)[1] reconstructs *prˠ- as the initial.
Noun
edit*prəuˣ
Descendants
edit- Hmongic
- Pa Hng
- Pa Hng - Gundong 滚董: ʔa⁰³tjo³¹
- Hm Nai - Mao'ao 毛坳: pjo³¹³
- North Hmongic
- West Xiangxi (Xong) - Layiping 腊乙坪: pʐɯ⁴⁴
- East Xiangxi (Suang) - Xiaozhang 小章: pɯ⁵⁵
- East Hmongic
- North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: tsɛ³⁵
- East Qiandong - Caidiwan 菜地湾: tsei³³
- South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: tɕei⁵³
- West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: pei¹³
- Sheic
- Younuo 优诺: pui³³
- Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: pja⁵³
- Bana 巴那: la⁰⁴pja⁴⁴
- She - Xiashuicun 下水村: ni³¹
- West Hmongic
- Bunu
- Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: pje⁵³
- Nunu - Xishan 西山: pia³⁵
- Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: pjei¹³
- Core
- East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: qo⁰⁵pei⁵⁵
- West Luobuohe - Gaozhai 高寨: ʔə⁰²pi⁵⁵
- Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: plɛ¹³
- Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: pʐæ⁴²
- A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: ŋgɦa³⁵
- Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tʂe⁵⁵
- Bunu
- Pa Hng
- Mienic
- Mien
- Guangdian (Jiangdi): pjau⁵²
- Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): pau⁵³
- Kim Mun
- Diangui (Liangzi): pjau⁵⁴⁵
- Fanghai (Tansan): ʔpjau⁵⁵
- Biao Mon
- Changping: plau⁵³
- Luoxiang: pjau⁵³
- Biao Min
- Dongshan: pla³⁵
- Shikou: plɔu³⁵
- Niuweizhai: pɣau³⁵
- Dzao Min (Daping): a⁴⁴piu²⁴
- Mien
References
edit- Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
- Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
- Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)