Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/kazēō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
editEtymology
editTraditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱes-éh₁-ye-ti, from *ḱes- (“to cut”). However, de Vaan is skeptical of this derivation, as well as other derivations linking the term to Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas (“desire”) and Sanskrit शास् (śās, “to instruct”), and leaves the origin open.
Verb
edit*kazēō first-singular present indicative[1]
- to lack
Inflection
edit| Inflection of *kazēō (second conjugation stative) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *kazēō | |
| Perfect | — | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *kastos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kazēō | *kazēōr |
| 2nd sing. | *kazēs | *kazēzo |
| 3rd sing. | *kazēt | *kazētor |
| 1st plur. | *kazēmos | *kazēmor |
| 2nd plur. | *kazētes | *kazēm(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kazēnt | *kazēntor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *kazēām | *kazēār |
| 2nd sing. | *kazēās | *kazēāzo |
| 3rd sing. | *kazēād | *kazēātor |
| 1st plur. | *kazēāmos | *kazēāmor |
| 2nd plur. | *kazēātes | *kazēām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *kazēānd | *kazēāntor |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *kazē | *kazēzo |
| 2nd plur. | *kazēte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *kazētōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *kazēnts | *kastos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *kastum | *kazēzi | |
Descendants
editReferences
edit- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 92-3
- ^ Buck, Carl (1904) A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian, Ginn & Co, page 50