Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/superne

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

A derivative of *super. The derivational pathway is unclear, and boils down to a chicken and egg problem of which of Latin supernus or supernē came first. Two options exist:^[1]

An *-ēd adverb derived from the *-nos adjective *supernos (whence also Latin supernus). This route is preferred by Untermann, Devoto, and Vetter.
An adverb ending in the same enclitic as Latin pōne, after which the thematic adjective supernus would be formed. If Latin supernē really did have a long vowel, it would have to be analogical. This scenario is favoured by De Vaan,^[2] Poultney, and Cerri.

Adverb

*superne

at a higher or upper level, above

Alternative reconstructions

*supernēd

Descendants

Latin: supernē, (of unclear relationship) supernus
Umbrian: superne

References

^ Untermann, Jürgen (2000) “U. superne”, in Wörterbuch des Oskisch-Umbrischen [Dictionary of Oscan-Umbrian] (Handbuch der italischen Dialekte; 3), Heidelberg: Winter, →ISBN, page 721
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 601

[1] Untermann, Jürgen (2000) “U. superne”, in Wörterbuch des Oskisch-Umbrischen [Dictionary of Oscan-Umbrian] (Handbuch der italischen Dialekte; 3), Heidelberg: Winter, →ISBN, page 721

[2] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 601

[1]

[2]