Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yuŋ

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Alternative reconstructions

*ńuŋ

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Mongolic *nuŋ-gasun (“wool”),^[1] Proto-Tungusic *nuŋ-ari (“wool, down”).^[2]

Noun

*yuŋ

wool

Declension

Declension of *yuŋ

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*yuŋ
Accusative	yuŋug, yuŋnï¹⁾
Genitive	*yuŋnuŋ
Dative	*yuŋka
Locative	*yuŋda
Ablative	*yuŋdan
Allative	*yuŋgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*yuŋun
Equative ²⁾	*yuŋča
Similative ²⁾	*yuŋlayu
Comitative ²⁾	*yuŋlugu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Descendants

Oghur:
- Chuvash: ҫӑм (śăm)

Arghu:
- Khalaj: yung
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: yun
  - Ottoman Turkish: یون (yün)
    - Turkish: yün
- Salar: yoñ
- Turkmen: ýüň
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: يُونكْ (yuŋ/yūŋ), يُنكْلاماقْ (yuŋlāmāq)^[3]
  - Uyghur: يۇڭ (yung)
  - Uzbek: jun
Kipchak::
- North Kipchak:
  - Bashkir: йөн (yön)
  - Tatar: йон (yon)
- West Kipchak:
  - Crimean Tatar: yün
  - Karachay-Balkar: джюн (cün)
  - Kumyk: юн (yun)
- South Kipchak:
  - Karakalpak: ju'n
  - Kazakh: жүн (jün)
  - Nogai: юн (yun)
- East Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: жүн (jün)
  - Southern Altai: јум (ǰum), јуҥ (ǰuŋ)
Siberian:
- South Siberian
  - Yenisei:
    - Khakas: чӱн (çün)
    - Shor: нӱг
  - Sayan:
    - Tuvan: чүң (çüñ)
  - Western Yugur: yun, yün, yüŋ

References

^ Clauson, Gerard (2002) Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics, 2nd edition, London: RoutledgeCurzon, →ISBN, page 235
^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*juŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
^ al-Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 3, 404 No per item for yuŋ. Length in sentence can be different.

[1] Clauson, Gerard (2002) Studies in Turkic and Mongolic Linguistics, 2nd edition, London: RoutledgeCurzon, →ISBN, page 235

[2] Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*juŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

[3] -Kashgarî, Mahmud (1072–1074) Besim Atalay, transl., Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk Tercümesi [Translation of the “Compendium of the languages of the Turks”] (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 521) (in Turkish), 1985 edition, volume III, Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurmu Basımevi, published 1939–1943, pages 3, 404 No per item for yuŋ. Length in sentence can be different.

[1]

[2]

[3]