850 BCE |
800 |
750 |
700 |
650 |
600 |
550 |
500 |
450 |
400 |
350 |
300 |
250 |
200 |
150 |
100 |
50 |
1 CE |
50 |
100 |
150 |
200 |
250 |
300 |
350 |
400 |
450 |
500 |
550 |
600 |
650
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Scythian Empire (700 BCE - 100 BCE)
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Massagetean Kingdom (530 BCE - 323 BCE)
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Saka Kingdom (150 BCE - 400 CE)
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Kingdom of Khotan (56 CE - 670 CE)
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Archaic Greek (800 BCE – 480 BCE)
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Classical Greek (480 BCE – 323 BCE)
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Hellenistic Greek (323 BCE – 330 CE)
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Byzantine Greek (330 CE – 1453 CE)
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*Proto-Fenno-Volgaic (2300 BCE – 1200 CE) *Proto-Permic (1100 BCE – 1372 CE) · *Proto-Saamic (1300 BCE – 1638 CE) · *Proto-Balto-Finnic (1300 BCE – 1200 CE)
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Early OIA (1500 BCE – 500 BCE) Vedic Sanskrit
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Late OIA (500 BCE - 322 BCE) Epic Sanskrit · Classical Sanskrit
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Early MIA (322 BCE – 100 CE) Early Ardhamagadhi · Ashokan · Early Gandhari · Pali
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Middle MIA (100 BCE – 700 CE) Late Ardhamagadhi · Elu · Late Gandhari · Magadhi · Maharashtri · Niya · Buddhist Sanskrit · Sauraseni
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*Proto-Ossetic (? BCE – 200 CE) *Sauromatian
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Early Old Ossetic (500 BCE – 350 CE) *Early Alanian · *Sarmatian
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Late Old Ossetic (350 CE – 1000 CE) *Late Alanian · *Proto-Ossetian
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*Proto-Saka-Wakhi (? BCE – 500 BCE)
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*Proto-Saka (500 BCE BCE – 100 CE) *Proto-Khotanese · *Proto-Tumshuqese
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Saka (100 CE – 1000 CE) Khotanese · Tumshuqese
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