Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukugxiza
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukugxiza
|
ukungagxizi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
gxiza
|
-gxize
|
Plural
|
gxizani
|
-gxizeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyagxiza, ngigxiza
|
engigxizayo, engigxiza
|
ngigxiza
|
angigxizi
|
engingagxizi
|
ngingagxizi
|
2nd singular
|
uyagxiza, ugxiza
|
ogxizayo, ogxiza
|
ugxiza
|
awugxizi
|
ongagxizi
|
ungagxizi
|
1st plural
|
siyagxiza, sigxiza
|
esigxizayo, esigxiza
|
sigxiza
|
asigxizi
|
esingagxizi
|
singagxizi
|
2nd plural
|
niyagxiza, nigxiza
|
enigxizayo, enigxiza
|
nigxiza
|
anigxizi
|
eningagxizi
|
ningagxizi
|
Class 1
|
uyagxiza, ugxiza
|
ogxizayo, ogxiza
|
egxiza
|
akagxizi
|
ongagxizi
|
engagxizi
|
Class 2
|
bayagxiza, bagxiza
|
abagxizayo, abagxiza
|
begxiza
|
abagxizi
|
abangagxizi
|
bengagxizi
|
Class 3
|
uyagxiza, ugxiza
|
ogxizayo, ogxiza
|
ugxiza
|
awugxizi
|
ongagxizi
|
ungagxizi
|
Class 4
|
iyagxiza, igxiza
|
egxizayo, egxiza
|
igxiza
|
ayigxizi
|
engagxizi
|
ingagxizi
|
Class 5
|
liyagxiza, ligxiza
|
eligxizayo, eligxiza
|
ligxiza
|
aligxizi
|
elingagxizi
|
lingagxizi
|
Class 6
|
ayagxiza, agxiza
|
agxizayo, agxiza
|
egxiza
|
awagxizi
|
angagxizi
|
engagxizi
|
Class 7
|
siyagxiza, sigxiza
|
esigxizayo, esigxiza
|
sigxiza
|
asigxizi
|
esingagxizi
|
singagxizi
|
Class 8
|
ziyagxiza, zigxiza
|
ezigxizayo, ezigxiza
|
zigxiza
|
azigxizi
|
ezingagxizi
|
zingagxizi
|
Class 9
|
iyagxiza, igxiza
|
egxizayo, egxiza
|
igxiza
|
ayigxizi
|
engagxizi
|
ingagxizi
|
Class 10
|
ziyagxiza, zigxiza
|
ezigxizayo, ezigxiza
|
zigxiza
|
azigxizi
|
ezingagxizi
|
zingagxizi
|
Class 11
|
luyagxiza, lugxiza
|
olugxizayo, olugxiza
|
lugxiza
|
alugxizi
|
olungagxizi
|
lungagxizi
|
Class 14
|
buyagxiza, bugxiza
|
obugxizayo, obugxiza
|
bugxiza
|
abugxizi
|
obungagxizi
|
bungagxizi
|
Class 15
|
kuyagxiza, kugxiza
|
okugxizayo, okugxiza
|
kugxiza
|
akugxizi
|
okungagxizi
|
kungagxizi
|
Class 17
|
kuyagxiza, kugxiza
|
okugxizayo, okugxiza
|
kugxiza
|
akugxizi
|
okungagxizi
|
kungagxizi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngigxizile, ngigxizē
|
engigxizile, engigxizē
|
ngigxizile, ngigxizē
|
angigxizanga
|
engingagxizanga
|
ngingagxizanga
|
2nd singular
|
ugxizile, ugxizē
|
ogxizile, ogxizē
|
ugxizile, ugxizē
|
awugxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
ungagxizanga
|
1st plural
|
sigxizile, sigxizē
|
esigxizile, esigxizē
|
sigxizile, sigxizē
|
asigxizanga
|
esingagxizanga
|
singagxizanga
|
2nd plural
|
nigxizile, nigxizē
|
enigxizile, enigxizē
|
nigxizile, nigxizē
|
anigxizanga
|
eningagxizanga
|
ningagxizanga
|
Class 1
|
ugxizile, ugxizē
|
ogxizile, ogxizē
|
egxizile, egxizē
|
akagxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
Class 2
|
bagxizile, bagxizē
|
abagxizile, abagxizē
|
begxizile, begxizē
|
abagxizanga
|
abangagxizanga
|
bengagxizanga
|
Class 3
|
ugxizile, ugxizē
|
ogxizile, ogxizē
|
ugxizile, ugxizē
|
awugxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
ungagxizanga
|
Class 4
|
igxizile, igxizē
|
egxizile, egxizē
|
igxizile, igxizē
|
ayigxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
ingagxizanga
|
Class 5
|
ligxizile, ligxizē
|
eligxizile, eligxizē
|
ligxizile, ligxizē
|
aligxizanga
|
elingagxizanga
|
lingagxizanga
|
Class 6
|
agxizile, agxizē
|
agxizile, agxizē
|
egxizile, egxizē
|
awagxizanga
|
angagxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
Class 7
|
sigxizile, sigxizē
|
esigxizile, esigxizē
|
sigxizile, sigxizē
|
asigxizanga
|
esingagxizanga
|
singagxizanga
|
Class 8
|
zigxizile, zigxizē
|
ezigxizile, ezigxizē
|
zigxizile, zigxizē
|
azigxizanga
|
ezingagxizanga
|
zingagxizanga
|
Class 9
|
igxizile, igxizē
|
egxizile, egxizē
|
igxizile, igxizē
|
ayigxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
ingagxizanga
|
Class 10
|
zigxizile, zigxizē
|
ezigxizile, ezigxizē
|
zigxizile, zigxizē
|
azigxizanga
|
ezingagxizanga
|
zingagxizanga
|
Class 11
|
lugxizile, lugxizē
|
olugxizile, olugxizē
|
lugxizile, lugxizē
|
alugxizanga
|
olungagxizanga
|
lungagxizanga
|
Class 14
|
bugxizile, bugxizē
|
obugxizile, obugxizē
|
bugxizile, bugxizē
|
abugxizanga
|
obungagxizanga
|
bungagxizanga
|
Class 15
|
kugxizile, kugxizē
|
okugxizile, okugxizē
|
kugxizile, kugxizē
|
akugxizanga
|
okungagxizanga
|
kungagxizanga
|
Class 17
|
kugxizile, kugxizē
|
okugxizile, okugxizē
|
kugxizile, kugxizē
|
akugxizanga
|
okungagxizanga
|
kungagxizanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāgxiza
|
engāgxiza
|
ngāgxiza
|
angigxizanga
|
engingagxizanga
|
ngingagxizanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāgxiza
|
owāgxiza
|
wāgxiza
|
awugxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
ungagxizanga
|
1st plural
|
sāgxiza
|
esāgxiza
|
sāgxiza
|
asigxizanga
|
esingagxizanga
|
singagxizanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāgxiza
|
enāgxiza
|
nāgxiza
|
anigxizanga
|
eningagxizanga
|
ningagxizanga
|
Class 1
|
wāgxiza
|
owāgxiza
|
āgxiza
|
akagxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
Class 2
|
bāgxiza
|
abāgxiza
|
bāgxiza
|
abagxizanga
|
abangagxizanga
|
bengagxizanga
|
Class 3
|
wāgxiza
|
owāgxiza
|
wāgxiza
|
awugxizanga
|
ongagxizanga
|
ungagxizanga
|
Class 4
|
yāgxiza
|
eyāgxiza
|
yāgxiza
|
ayigxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
ingagxizanga
|
Class 5
|
lāgxiza
|
elāgxiza
|
lāgxiza
|
aligxizanga
|
elingagxizanga
|
lingagxizanga
|
Class 6
|
āgxiza
|
āgxiza
|
āgxiza
|
awagxizanga
|
angagxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
Class 7
|
sāgxiza
|
esāgxiza
|
sāgxiza
|
asigxizanga
|
esingagxizanga
|
singagxizanga
|
Class 8
|
zāgxiza
|
ezāgxiza
|
zāgxiza
|
azigxizanga
|
ezingagxizanga
|
zingagxizanga
|
Class 9
|
yāgxiza
|
eyāgxiza
|
yāgxiza
|
ayigxizanga
|
engagxizanga
|
ingagxizanga
|
Class 10
|
zāgxiza
|
ezāgxiza
|
zāgxiza
|
azigxizanga
|
ezingagxizanga
|
zingagxizanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāgxiza
|
olwāgxiza
|
lwāgxiza
|
alugxizanga
|
olungagxizanga
|
lungagxizanga
|
Class 14
|
bāgxiza
|
obāgxiza
|
bāgxiza
|
abugxizanga
|
obungagxizanga
|
bungagxizanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāgxiza
|
okwāgxiza
|
kwāgxiza
|
akugxizanga
|
okungagxizanga
|
kungagxizanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāgxiza
|
okwāgxiza
|
kwāgxiza
|
akugxizanga
|
okungagxizanga
|
kungagxizanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingagxiza
|
—
|
ngingagxiza
|
ngingegxize
|
—
|
ngingegxize
|
2nd singular
|
ungagxiza
|
—
|
ungagxiza
|
ungegxize
|
—
|
ungegxize
|
1st plural
|
singagxiza
|
—
|
singagxiza
|
singegxize
|
—
|
singegxize
|
2nd plural
|
ningagxiza
|
—
|
ningagxiza
|
ningegxize
|
—
|
ningegxize
|
Class 1
|
angagxiza
|
—
|
engagxiza
|
angegxize
|
—
|
engegxize
|
Class 2
|
bangagxiza
|
—
|
bengagxiza
|
bangegxize
|
—
|
bengegxize
|
Class 3
|
ungagxiza
|
—
|
ungagxiza
|
ungegxize
|
—
|
ungegxize
|
Class 4
|
ingagxiza
|
—
|
ingagxiza
|
ingegxize
|
—
|
ingegxize
|
Class 5
|
lingagxiza
|
—
|
lingagxiza
|
lingegxize
|
—
|
lingegxize
|
Class 6
|
angagxiza
|
—
|
engagxiza
|
angegxize
|
—
|
engegxize
|
Class 7
|
singagxiza
|
—
|
singagxiza
|
singegxize
|
—
|
singegxize
|
Class 8
|
zingagxiza
|
—
|
zingagxiza
|
zingegxize
|
—
|
zingegxize
|
Class 9
|
ingagxiza
|
—
|
ingagxiza
|
ingegxize
|
—
|
ingegxize
|
Class 10
|
zingagxiza
|
—
|
zingagxiza
|
zingegxize
|
—
|
zingegxize
|
Class 11
|
lungagxiza
|
—
|
lungagxiza
|
lungegxize
|
—
|
lungegxize
|
Class 14
|
bungagxiza
|
—
|
bungagxiza
|
bungegxize
|
—
|
bungegxize
|
Class 15
|
kungagxiza
|
—
|
kungagxiza
|
kungegxize
|
—
|
kungegxize
|
Class 17
|
kungagxiza
|
—
|
kungagxiza
|
kungegxize
|
—
|
kungegxize
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizogxiza
|
engizogxiza
|
ngizogxiza
|
angizugxiza
|
engingezugxiza
|
ngingezugxiza
|
2nd singular
|
uzogxiza
|
ozogxiza
|
uzogxiza
|
awuzugxiza
|
ongezugxiza
|
ungezugxiza
|
1st plural
|
sizogxiza
|
esizogxiza
|
sizogxiza
|
asizugxiza
|
esingezugxiza
|
singezugxiza
|
2nd plural
|
nizogxiza
|
enizogxiza
|
nizogxiza
|
anizugxiza
|
eningezugxiza
|
ningezugxiza
|
Class 1
|
uzogxiza
|
ozogxiza
|
ezogxiza
|
akazugxiza
|
ongezugxiza
|
engezugxiza
|
Class 2
|
bazogxiza
|
abazogxiza
|
bezogxiza
|
abazugxiza
|
abangezugxiza
|
bengezugxiza
|
Class 3
|
uzogxiza
|
ozogxiza
|
uzogxiza
|
awuzugxiza
|
ongezugxiza
|
ungezugxiza
|
Class 4
|
izogxiza
|
ezogxiza
|
izogxiza
|
ayizugxiza
|
engezugxiza
|
ingezugxiza
|
Class 5
|
lizogxiza
|
elizogxiza
|
lizogxiza
|
alizugxiza
|
elingezugxiza
|
lingezugxiza
|
Class 6
|
azogxiza
|
azogxiza
|
ezogxiza
|
awazugxiza
|
angezugxiza
|
engezugxiza
|
Class 7
|
sizogxiza
|
esizogxiza
|
sizogxiza
|
asizugxiza
|
esingezugxiza
|
singezugxiza
|
Class 8
|
zizogxiza
|
ezizogxiza
|
zizogxiza
|
azizugxiza
|
ezingezugxiza
|
zingezugxiza
|
Class 9
|
izogxiza
|
ezogxiza
|
izogxiza
|
ayizugxiza
|
engezugxiza
|
ingezugxiza
|
Class 10
|
zizogxiza
|
ezizogxiza
|
zizogxiza
|
azizugxiza
|
ezingezugxiza
|
zingezugxiza
|
Class 11
|
luzogxiza
|
oluzogxiza
|
luzogxiza
|
aluzugxiza
|
olungezugxiza
|
lungezugxiza
|
Class 14
|
buzogxiza
|
obuzogxiza
|
buzogxiza
|
abuzugxiza
|
obungezugxiza
|
bungezugxiza
|
Class 15
|
kuzogxiza
|
okuzogxiza
|
kuzogxiza
|
akuzugxiza
|
okungezugxiza
|
kungezugxiza
|
Class 17
|
kuzogxiza
|
okuzogxiza
|
kuzogxiza
|
akuzugxiza
|
okungezugxiza
|
kungezugxiza
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyogxiza
|
engiyogxiza
|
ngiyogxiza
|
angiyugxiza
|
engingeyugxiza
|
ngingeyugxiza
|
2nd singular
|
uyogxiza
|
oyogxiza
|
uyogxiza
|
awuyugxiza
|
ongeyugxiza
|
ungeyugxiza
|
1st plural
|
siyogxiza
|
esiyogxiza
|
siyogxiza
|
asiyugxiza
|
esingeyugxiza
|
singeyugxiza
|
2nd plural
|
niyogxiza
|
eniyogxiza
|
niyogxiza
|
aniyugxiza
|
eningeyugxiza
|
ningeyugxiza
|
Class 1
|
uyogxiza
|
oyogxiza
|
eyogxiza
|
akayugxiza
|
ongeyugxiza
|
engeyugxiza
|
Class 2
|
bayogxiza
|
abayogxiza
|
beyogxiza
|
abayugxiza
|
abangeyugxiza
|
bengeyugxiza
|
Class 3
|
uyogxiza
|
oyogxiza
|
uyogxiza
|
awuyugxiza
|
ongeyugxiza
|
ungeyugxiza
|
Class 4
|
iyogxiza
|
eyogxiza
|
iyogxiza
|
ayiyugxiza
|
engeyugxiza
|
ingeyugxiza
|
Class 5
|
liyogxiza
|
eliyogxiza
|
liyogxiza
|
aliyugxiza
|
elingeyugxiza
|
lingeyugxiza
|
Class 6
|
ayogxiza
|
ayogxiza
|
eyogxiza
|
awayugxiza
|
angeyugxiza
|
engeyugxiza
|
Class 7
|
siyogxiza
|
esiyogxiza
|
siyogxiza
|
asiyugxiza
|
esingeyugxiza
|
singeyugxiza
|
Class 8
|
ziyogxiza
|
eziyogxiza
|
ziyogxiza
|
aziyugxiza
|
ezingeyugxiza
|
zingeyugxiza
|
Class 9
|
iyogxiza
|
eyogxiza
|
iyogxiza
|
ayiyugxiza
|
engeyugxiza
|
ingeyugxiza
|
Class 10
|
ziyogxiza
|
eziyogxiza
|
ziyogxiza
|
aziyugxiza
|
ezingeyugxiza
|
zingeyugxiza
|
Class 11
|
luyogxiza
|
oluyogxiza
|
luyogxiza
|
aluyugxiza
|
olungeyugxiza
|
lungeyugxiza
|
Class 14
|
buyogxiza
|
obuyogxiza
|
buyogxiza
|
abuyugxiza
|
obungeyugxiza
|
bungeyugxiza
|
Class 15
|
kuyogxiza
|
okuyogxiza
|
kuyogxiza
|
akuyugxiza
|
okungeyugxiza
|
kungeyugxiza
|
Class 17
|
kuyogxiza
|
okuyogxiza
|
kuyogxiza
|
akuyugxiza
|
okungeyugxiza
|
kungeyugxiza
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngigxize
|
ngingagxizi
|
2nd singular
|
ugxize
|
ungagxizi
|
1st plural
|
sigxize
|
singagxizi
|
2nd plural
|
nigxize
|
ningagxizi
|
Class 1
|
agxize
|
angagxizi
|
Class 2
|
bagxize
|
bangagxizi
|
Class 3
|
ugxize
|
ungagxizi
|
Class 4
|
igxize
|
ingagxizi
|
Class 5
|
ligxize
|
lingagxizi
|
Class 6
|
agxize
|
angagxizi
|
Class 7
|
sigxize
|
singagxizi
|
Class 8
|
zigxize
|
zingagxizi
|
Class 9
|
igxize
|
ingagxizi
|
Class 10
|
zigxize
|
zingagxizi
|
Class 11
|
lugxize
|
lungagxizi
|
Class 14
|
bugxize
|
bungagxizi
|
Class 15
|
kugxize
|
kungagxizi
|
Class 17
|
kugxize
|
kungagxizi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngagxiza
|
ngangagxiza, angagxiza, angangagxiza
|
2nd singular
|
wagxiza
|
wangagxiza, awagxiza, awangagxiza
|
1st plural
|
sagxiza
|
sangagxiza, asagxiza, asangagxiza
|
2nd plural
|
nagxiza
|
nangagxiza, anagxiza, anangagxiza
|
Class 1
|
wagxiza
|
wangagxiza, akagxiza, akangagxiza
|
Class 2
|
bagxiza
|
bangagxiza, abagxiza, abangagxiza
|
Class 3
|
wagxiza
|
wangagxiza, awagxiza, awangagxiza
|
Class 4
|
yagxiza
|
yangagxiza, ayagxiza, ayangagxiza
|
Class 5
|
lagxiza
|
langagxiza, alagxiza, alangagxiza
|
Class 6
|
agxiza
|
angagxiza, awagxiza, awangagxiza
|
Class 7
|
sagxiza
|
sangagxiza, asagxiza, asangagxiza
|
Class 8
|
zagxiza
|
zangagxiza, azagxiza, azangagxiza
|
Class 9
|
yagxiza
|
yangagxiza, ayagxiza, ayangagxiza
|
Class 10
|
zagxiza
|
zangagxiza, azagxiza, azangagxiza
|
Class 11
|
lwagxiza
|
lwangagxiza, alwagxiza, alwangagxiza
|
Class 14
|
bagxiza
|
bangagxiza, abagxiza, abangagxiza
|
Class 15
|
kwagxiza
|
kwangagxiza, akwagxiza, akwangagxiza
|
Class 17
|
kwagxiza
|
kwangagxiza, akwagxiza, akwangagxiza
|