Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukunyakaza
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukunyakaza
|
ukunganyakazi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
nyakaza
|
-nyakaze
|
Plural
|
nyakazani
|
-nyakazeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyanyakaza, nginyakaza
|
enginyakazayo, enginyakaza
|
nginyakaza
|
anginyakazi
|
enginganyakazi
|
nginganyakazi
|
2nd singular
|
uyanyakaza, unyakaza
|
onyakazayo, onyakaza
|
unyakaza
|
awunyakazi
|
onganyakazi
|
unganyakazi
|
1st plural
|
siyanyakaza, sinyakaza
|
esinyakazayo, esinyakaza
|
sinyakaza
|
asinyakazi
|
esinganyakazi
|
singanyakazi
|
2nd plural
|
niyanyakaza, ninyakaza
|
eninyakazayo, eninyakaza
|
ninyakaza
|
aninyakazi
|
eninganyakazi
|
ninganyakazi
|
Class 1
|
uyanyakaza, unyakaza
|
onyakazayo, onyakaza
|
enyakaza
|
akanyakazi
|
onganyakazi
|
enganyakazi
|
Class 2
|
bayanyakaza, banyakaza
|
abanyakazayo, abanyakaza
|
benyakaza
|
abanyakazi
|
abanganyakazi
|
benganyakazi
|
Class 3
|
uyanyakaza, unyakaza
|
onyakazayo, onyakaza
|
unyakaza
|
awunyakazi
|
onganyakazi
|
unganyakazi
|
Class 4
|
iyanyakaza, inyakaza
|
enyakazayo, enyakaza
|
inyakaza
|
ayinyakazi
|
enganyakazi
|
inganyakazi
|
Class 5
|
liyanyakaza, linyakaza
|
elinyakazayo, elinyakaza
|
linyakaza
|
alinyakazi
|
elinganyakazi
|
linganyakazi
|
Class 6
|
ayanyakaza, anyakaza
|
anyakazayo, anyakaza
|
enyakaza
|
awanyakazi
|
anganyakazi
|
enganyakazi
|
Class 7
|
siyanyakaza, sinyakaza
|
esinyakazayo, esinyakaza
|
sinyakaza
|
asinyakazi
|
esinganyakazi
|
singanyakazi
|
Class 8
|
ziyanyakaza, zinyakaza
|
ezinyakazayo, ezinyakaza
|
zinyakaza
|
azinyakazi
|
ezinganyakazi
|
zinganyakazi
|
Class 9
|
iyanyakaza, inyakaza
|
enyakazayo, enyakaza
|
inyakaza
|
ayinyakazi
|
enganyakazi
|
inganyakazi
|
Class 10
|
ziyanyakaza, zinyakaza
|
ezinyakazayo, ezinyakaza
|
zinyakaza
|
azinyakazi
|
ezinganyakazi
|
zinganyakazi
|
Class 11
|
luyanyakaza, lunyakaza
|
olunyakazayo, olunyakaza
|
lunyakaza
|
alunyakazi
|
olunganyakazi
|
lunganyakazi
|
Class 14
|
buyanyakaza, bunyakaza
|
obunyakazayo, obunyakaza
|
bunyakaza
|
abunyakazi
|
obunganyakazi
|
bunganyakazi
|
Class 15
|
kuyanyakaza, kunyakaza
|
okunyakazayo, okunyakaza
|
kunyakaza
|
akunyakazi
|
okunganyakazi
|
kunganyakazi
|
Class 17
|
kuyanyakaza, kunyakaza
|
okunyakazayo, okunyakaza
|
kunyakaza
|
akunyakazi
|
okunganyakazi
|
kunganyakazi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
nginyakazile, nginyakazē
|
enginyakazile, enginyakazē
|
nginyakazile, nginyakazē
|
anginyakazanga
|
enginganyakazanga
|
nginganyakazanga
|
2nd singular
|
unyakazile, unyakazē
|
onyakazile, onyakazē
|
unyakazile, unyakazē
|
awunyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
unganyakazanga
|
1st plural
|
sinyakazile, sinyakazē
|
esinyakazile, esinyakazē
|
sinyakazile, sinyakazē
|
asinyakazanga
|
esinganyakazanga
|
singanyakazanga
|
2nd plural
|
ninyakazile, ninyakazē
|
eninyakazile, eninyakazē
|
ninyakazile, ninyakazē
|
aninyakazanga
|
eninganyakazanga
|
ninganyakazanga
|
Class 1
|
unyakazile, unyakazē
|
onyakazile, onyakazē
|
enyakazile, enyakazē
|
akanyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
Class 2
|
banyakazile, banyakazē
|
abanyakazile, abanyakazē
|
benyakazile, benyakazē
|
abanyakazanga
|
abanganyakazanga
|
benganyakazanga
|
Class 3
|
unyakazile, unyakazē
|
onyakazile, onyakazē
|
unyakazile, unyakazē
|
awunyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
unganyakazanga
|
Class 4
|
inyakazile, inyakazē
|
enyakazile, enyakazē
|
inyakazile, inyakazē
|
ayinyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
inganyakazanga
|
Class 5
|
linyakazile, linyakazē
|
elinyakazile, elinyakazē
|
linyakazile, linyakazē
|
alinyakazanga
|
elinganyakazanga
|
linganyakazanga
|
Class 6
|
anyakazile, anyakazē
|
anyakazile, anyakazē
|
enyakazile, enyakazē
|
awanyakazanga
|
anganyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
Class 7
|
sinyakazile, sinyakazē
|
esinyakazile, esinyakazē
|
sinyakazile, sinyakazē
|
asinyakazanga
|
esinganyakazanga
|
singanyakazanga
|
Class 8
|
zinyakazile, zinyakazē
|
ezinyakazile, ezinyakazē
|
zinyakazile, zinyakazē
|
azinyakazanga
|
ezinganyakazanga
|
zinganyakazanga
|
Class 9
|
inyakazile, inyakazē
|
enyakazile, enyakazē
|
inyakazile, inyakazē
|
ayinyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
inganyakazanga
|
Class 10
|
zinyakazile, zinyakazē
|
ezinyakazile, ezinyakazē
|
zinyakazile, zinyakazē
|
azinyakazanga
|
ezinganyakazanga
|
zinganyakazanga
|
Class 11
|
lunyakazile, lunyakazē
|
olunyakazile, olunyakazē
|
lunyakazile, lunyakazē
|
alunyakazanga
|
olunganyakazanga
|
lunganyakazanga
|
Class 14
|
bunyakazile, bunyakazē
|
obunyakazile, obunyakazē
|
bunyakazile, bunyakazē
|
abunyakazanga
|
obunganyakazanga
|
bunganyakazanga
|
Class 15
|
kunyakazile, kunyakazē
|
okunyakazile, okunyakazē
|
kunyakazile, kunyakazē
|
akunyakazanga
|
okunganyakazanga
|
kunganyakazanga
|
Class 17
|
kunyakazile, kunyakazē
|
okunyakazile, okunyakazē
|
kunyakazile, kunyakazē
|
akunyakazanga
|
okunganyakazanga
|
kunganyakazanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngānyakaza
|
engānyakaza
|
ngānyakaza
|
anginyakazanga
|
enginganyakazanga
|
nginganyakazanga
|
2nd singular
|
wānyakaza
|
owānyakaza
|
wānyakaza
|
awunyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
unganyakazanga
|
1st plural
|
sānyakaza
|
esānyakaza
|
sānyakaza
|
asinyakazanga
|
esinganyakazanga
|
singanyakazanga
|
2nd plural
|
nānyakaza
|
enānyakaza
|
nānyakaza
|
aninyakazanga
|
eninganyakazanga
|
ninganyakazanga
|
Class 1
|
wānyakaza
|
owānyakaza
|
ānyakaza
|
akanyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
Class 2
|
bānyakaza
|
abānyakaza
|
bānyakaza
|
abanyakazanga
|
abanganyakazanga
|
benganyakazanga
|
Class 3
|
wānyakaza
|
owānyakaza
|
wānyakaza
|
awunyakazanga
|
onganyakazanga
|
unganyakazanga
|
Class 4
|
yānyakaza
|
eyānyakaza
|
yānyakaza
|
ayinyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
inganyakazanga
|
Class 5
|
lānyakaza
|
elānyakaza
|
lānyakaza
|
alinyakazanga
|
elinganyakazanga
|
linganyakazanga
|
Class 6
|
ānyakaza
|
ānyakaza
|
ānyakaza
|
awanyakazanga
|
anganyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
Class 7
|
sānyakaza
|
esānyakaza
|
sānyakaza
|
asinyakazanga
|
esinganyakazanga
|
singanyakazanga
|
Class 8
|
zānyakaza
|
ezānyakaza
|
zānyakaza
|
azinyakazanga
|
ezinganyakazanga
|
zinganyakazanga
|
Class 9
|
yānyakaza
|
eyānyakaza
|
yānyakaza
|
ayinyakazanga
|
enganyakazanga
|
inganyakazanga
|
Class 10
|
zānyakaza
|
ezānyakaza
|
zānyakaza
|
azinyakazanga
|
ezinganyakazanga
|
zinganyakazanga
|
Class 11
|
lwānyakaza
|
olwānyakaza
|
lwānyakaza
|
alunyakazanga
|
olunganyakazanga
|
lunganyakazanga
|
Class 14
|
bānyakaza
|
obānyakaza
|
bānyakaza
|
abunyakazanga
|
obunganyakazanga
|
bunganyakazanga
|
Class 15
|
kwānyakaza
|
okwānyakaza
|
kwānyakaza
|
akunyakazanga
|
okunganyakazanga
|
kunganyakazanga
|
Class 17
|
kwānyakaza
|
okwānyakaza
|
kwānyakaza
|
akunyakazanga
|
okunganyakazanga
|
kunganyakazanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
nginganyakaza
|
—
|
nginganyakaza
|
ngingenyakaze
|
—
|
ngingenyakaze
|
2nd singular
|
unganyakaza
|
—
|
unganyakaza
|
ungenyakaze
|
—
|
ungenyakaze
|
1st plural
|
singanyakaza
|
—
|
singanyakaza
|
singenyakaze
|
—
|
singenyakaze
|
2nd plural
|
ninganyakaza
|
—
|
ninganyakaza
|
ningenyakaze
|
—
|
ningenyakaze
|
Class 1
|
anganyakaza
|
—
|
enganyakaza
|
angenyakaze
|
—
|
engenyakaze
|
Class 2
|
banganyakaza
|
—
|
benganyakaza
|
bangenyakaze
|
—
|
bengenyakaze
|
Class 3
|
unganyakaza
|
—
|
unganyakaza
|
ungenyakaze
|
—
|
ungenyakaze
|
Class 4
|
inganyakaza
|
—
|
inganyakaza
|
ingenyakaze
|
—
|
ingenyakaze
|
Class 5
|
linganyakaza
|
—
|
linganyakaza
|
lingenyakaze
|
—
|
lingenyakaze
|
Class 6
|
anganyakaza
|
—
|
enganyakaza
|
angenyakaze
|
—
|
engenyakaze
|
Class 7
|
singanyakaza
|
—
|
singanyakaza
|
singenyakaze
|
—
|
singenyakaze
|
Class 8
|
zinganyakaza
|
—
|
zinganyakaza
|
zingenyakaze
|
—
|
zingenyakaze
|
Class 9
|
inganyakaza
|
—
|
inganyakaza
|
ingenyakaze
|
—
|
ingenyakaze
|
Class 10
|
zinganyakaza
|
—
|
zinganyakaza
|
zingenyakaze
|
—
|
zingenyakaze
|
Class 11
|
lunganyakaza
|
—
|
lunganyakaza
|
lungenyakaze
|
—
|
lungenyakaze
|
Class 14
|
bunganyakaza
|
—
|
bunganyakaza
|
bungenyakaze
|
—
|
bungenyakaze
|
Class 15
|
kunganyakaza
|
—
|
kunganyakaza
|
kungenyakaze
|
—
|
kungenyakaze
|
Class 17
|
kunganyakaza
|
—
|
kunganyakaza
|
kungenyakaze
|
—
|
kungenyakaze
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizonyakaza
|
engizonyakaza
|
ngizonyakaza
|
angizunyakaza
|
engingezunyakaza
|
ngingezunyakaza
|
2nd singular
|
uzonyakaza
|
ozonyakaza
|
uzonyakaza
|
awuzunyakaza
|
ongezunyakaza
|
ungezunyakaza
|
1st plural
|
sizonyakaza
|
esizonyakaza
|
sizonyakaza
|
asizunyakaza
|
esingezunyakaza
|
singezunyakaza
|
2nd plural
|
nizonyakaza
|
enizonyakaza
|
nizonyakaza
|
anizunyakaza
|
eningezunyakaza
|
ningezunyakaza
|
Class 1
|
uzonyakaza
|
ozonyakaza
|
ezonyakaza
|
akazunyakaza
|
ongezunyakaza
|
engezunyakaza
|
Class 2
|
bazonyakaza
|
abazonyakaza
|
bezonyakaza
|
abazunyakaza
|
abangezunyakaza
|
bengezunyakaza
|
Class 3
|
uzonyakaza
|
ozonyakaza
|
uzonyakaza
|
awuzunyakaza
|
ongezunyakaza
|
ungezunyakaza
|
Class 4
|
izonyakaza
|
ezonyakaza
|
izonyakaza
|
ayizunyakaza
|
engezunyakaza
|
ingezunyakaza
|
Class 5
|
lizonyakaza
|
elizonyakaza
|
lizonyakaza
|
alizunyakaza
|
elingezunyakaza
|
lingezunyakaza
|
Class 6
|
azonyakaza
|
azonyakaza
|
ezonyakaza
|
awazunyakaza
|
angezunyakaza
|
engezunyakaza
|
Class 7
|
sizonyakaza
|
esizonyakaza
|
sizonyakaza
|
asizunyakaza
|
esingezunyakaza
|
singezunyakaza
|
Class 8
|
zizonyakaza
|
ezizonyakaza
|
zizonyakaza
|
azizunyakaza
|
ezingezunyakaza
|
zingezunyakaza
|
Class 9
|
izonyakaza
|
ezonyakaza
|
izonyakaza
|
ayizunyakaza
|
engezunyakaza
|
ingezunyakaza
|
Class 10
|
zizonyakaza
|
ezizonyakaza
|
zizonyakaza
|
azizunyakaza
|
ezingezunyakaza
|
zingezunyakaza
|
Class 11
|
luzonyakaza
|
oluzonyakaza
|
luzonyakaza
|
aluzunyakaza
|
olungezunyakaza
|
lungezunyakaza
|
Class 14
|
buzonyakaza
|
obuzonyakaza
|
buzonyakaza
|
abuzunyakaza
|
obungezunyakaza
|
bungezunyakaza
|
Class 15
|
kuzonyakaza
|
okuzonyakaza
|
kuzonyakaza
|
akuzunyakaza
|
okungezunyakaza
|
kungezunyakaza
|
Class 17
|
kuzonyakaza
|
okuzonyakaza
|
kuzonyakaza
|
akuzunyakaza
|
okungezunyakaza
|
kungezunyakaza
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyonyakaza
|
engiyonyakaza
|
ngiyonyakaza
|
angiyunyakaza
|
engingeyunyakaza
|
ngingeyunyakaza
|
2nd singular
|
uyonyakaza
|
oyonyakaza
|
uyonyakaza
|
awuyunyakaza
|
ongeyunyakaza
|
ungeyunyakaza
|
1st plural
|
siyonyakaza
|
esiyonyakaza
|
siyonyakaza
|
asiyunyakaza
|
esingeyunyakaza
|
singeyunyakaza
|
2nd plural
|
niyonyakaza
|
eniyonyakaza
|
niyonyakaza
|
aniyunyakaza
|
eningeyunyakaza
|
ningeyunyakaza
|
Class 1
|
uyonyakaza
|
oyonyakaza
|
eyonyakaza
|
akayunyakaza
|
ongeyunyakaza
|
engeyunyakaza
|
Class 2
|
bayonyakaza
|
abayonyakaza
|
beyonyakaza
|
abayunyakaza
|
abangeyunyakaza
|
bengeyunyakaza
|
Class 3
|
uyonyakaza
|
oyonyakaza
|
uyonyakaza
|
awuyunyakaza
|
ongeyunyakaza
|
ungeyunyakaza
|
Class 4
|
iyonyakaza
|
eyonyakaza
|
iyonyakaza
|
ayiyunyakaza
|
engeyunyakaza
|
ingeyunyakaza
|
Class 5
|
liyonyakaza
|
eliyonyakaza
|
liyonyakaza
|
aliyunyakaza
|
elingeyunyakaza
|
lingeyunyakaza
|
Class 6
|
ayonyakaza
|
ayonyakaza
|
eyonyakaza
|
awayunyakaza
|
angeyunyakaza
|
engeyunyakaza
|
Class 7
|
siyonyakaza
|
esiyonyakaza
|
siyonyakaza
|
asiyunyakaza
|
esingeyunyakaza
|
singeyunyakaza
|
Class 8
|
ziyonyakaza
|
eziyonyakaza
|
ziyonyakaza
|
aziyunyakaza
|
ezingeyunyakaza
|
zingeyunyakaza
|
Class 9
|
iyonyakaza
|
eyonyakaza
|
iyonyakaza
|
ayiyunyakaza
|
engeyunyakaza
|
ingeyunyakaza
|
Class 10
|
ziyonyakaza
|
eziyonyakaza
|
ziyonyakaza
|
aziyunyakaza
|
ezingeyunyakaza
|
zingeyunyakaza
|
Class 11
|
luyonyakaza
|
oluyonyakaza
|
luyonyakaza
|
aluyunyakaza
|
olungeyunyakaza
|
lungeyunyakaza
|
Class 14
|
buyonyakaza
|
obuyonyakaza
|
buyonyakaza
|
abuyunyakaza
|
obungeyunyakaza
|
bungeyunyakaza
|
Class 15
|
kuyonyakaza
|
okuyonyakaza
|
kuyonyakaza
|
akuyunyakaza
|
okungeyunyakaza
|
kungeyunyakaza
|
Class 17
|
kuyonyakaza
|
okuyonyakaza
|
kuyonyakaza
|
akuyunyakaza
|
okungeyunyakaza
|
kungeyunyakaza
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
nginyakaze
|
nginganyakazi
|
2nd singular
|
unyakaze
|
unganyakazi
|
1st plural
|
sinyakaze
|
singanyakazi
|
2nd plural
|
ninyakaze
|
ninganyakazi
|
Class 1
|
anyakaze
|
anganyakazi
|
Class 2
|
banyakaze
|
banganyakazi
|
Class 3
|
unyakaze
|
unganyakazi
|
Class 4
|
inyakaze
|
inganyakazi
|
Class 5
|
linyakaze
|
linganyakazi
|
Class 6
|
anyakaze
|
anganyakazi
|
Class 7
|
sinyakaze
|
singanyakazi
|
Class 8
|
zinyakaze
|
zinganyakazi
|
Class 9
|
inyakaze
|
inganyakazi
|
Class 10
|
zinyakaze
|
zinganyakazi
|
Class 11
|
lunyakaze
|
lunganyakazi
|
Class 14
|
bunyakaze
|
bunganyakazi
|
Class 15
|
kunyakaze
|
kunganyakazi
|
Class 17
|
kunyakaze
|
kunganyakazi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
nganyakaza
|
nganganyakaza, anganyakaza, anganganyakaza
|
2nd singular
|
wanyakaza
|
wanganyakaza, awanyakaza, awanganyakaza
|
1st plural
|
sanyakaza
|
sanganyakaza, asanyakaza, asanganyakaza
|
2nd plural
|
nanyakaza
|
nanganyakaza, ananyakaza, ananganyakaza
|
Class 1
|
wanyakaza
|
wanganyakaza, akanyakaza, akanganyakaza
|
Class 2
|
banyakaza
|
banganyakaza, abanyakaza, abanganyakaza
|
Class 3
|
wanyakaza
|
wanganyakaza, awanyakaza, awanganyakaza
|
Class 4
|
yanyakaza
|
yanganyakaza, ayanyakaza, ayanganyakaza
|
Class 5
|
lanyakaza
|
langanyakaza, alanyakaza, alanganyakaza
|
Class 6
|
anyakaza
|
anganyakaza, awanyakaza, awanganyakaza
|
Class 7
|
sanyakaza
|
sanganyakaza, asanyakaza, asanganyakaza
|
Class 8
|
zanyakaza
|
zanganyakaza, azanyakaza, azanganyakaza
|
Class 9
|
yanyakaza
|
yanganyakaza, ayanyakaza, ayanganyakaza
|
Class 10
|
zanyakaza
|
zanganyakaza, azanyakaza, azanganyakaza
|
Class 11
|
lwanyakaza
|
lwanganyakaza, alwanyakaza, alwanganyakaza
|
Class 14
|
banyakaza
|
banganyakaza, abanyakaza, abanganyakaza
|
Class 15
|
kwanyakaza
|
kwanganyakaza, akwanyakaza, akwanganyakaza
|
Class 17
|
kwanyakaza
|
kwanganyakaza, akwanyakaza, akwanganyakaza
|