Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhweba
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuqhweba
|
ukungaqhwebi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
qhweba
|
-qhwebe
|
Plural
|
qhwebani
|
-qhwebeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaqhweba, ngiqhweba
|
engiqhwebayo, engiqhweba
|
ngiqhweba
|
angiqhwebi
|
engingaqhwebi
|
ngingaqhwebi
|
2nd singular
|
uyaqhweba, uqhweba
|
oqhwebayo, oqhweba
|
uqhweba
|
awuqhwebi
|
ongaqhwebi
|
ungaqhwebi
|
1st plural
|
siyaqhweba, siqhweba
|
esiqhwebayo, esiqhweba
|
siqhweba
|
asiqhwebi
|
esingaqhwebi
|
singaqhwebi
|
2nd plural
|
niyaqhweba, niqhweba
|
eniqhwebayo, eniqhweba
|
niqhweba
|
aniqhwebi
|
eningaqhwebi
|
ningaqhwebi
|
Class 1
|
uyaqhweba, uqhweba
|
oqhwebayo, oqhweba
|
eqhweba
|
akaqhwebi
|
ongaqhwebi
|
engaqhwebi
|
Class 2
|
bayaqhweba, baqhweba
|
abaqhwebayo, abaqhweba
|
beqhweba
|
abaqhwebi
|
abangaqhwebi
|
bengaqhwebi
|
Class 3
|
uyaqhweba, uqhweba
|
oqhwebayo, oqhweba
|
uqhweba
|
awuqhwebi
|
ongaqhwebi
|
ungaqhwebi
|
Class 4
|
iyaqhweba, iqhweba
|
eqhwebayo, eqhweba
|
iqhweba
|
ayiqhwebi
|
engaqhwebi
|
ingaqhwebi
|
Class 5
|
liyaqhweba, liqhweba
|
eliqhwebayo, eliqhweba
|
liqhweba
|
aliqhwebi
|
elingaqhwebi
|
lingaqhwebi
|
Class 6
|
ayaqhweba, aqhweba
|
aqhwebayo, aqhweba
|
eqhweba
|
awaqhwebi
|
angaqhwebi
|
engaqhwebi
|
Class 7
|
siyaqhweba, siqhweba
|
esiqhwebayo, esiqhweba
|
siqhweba
|
asiqhwebi
|
esingaqhwebi
|
singaqhwebi
|
Class 8
|
ziyaqhweba, ziqhweba
|
eziqhwebayo, eziqhweba
|
ziqhweba
|
aziqhwebi
|
ezingaqhwebi
|
zingaqhwebi
|
Class 9
|
iyaqhweba, iqhweba
|
eqhwebayo, eqhweba
|
iqhweba
|
ayiqhwebi
|
engaqhwebi
|
ingaqhwebi
|
Class 10
|
ziyaqhweba, ziqhweba
|
eziqhwebayo, eziqhweba
|
ziqhweba
|
aziqhwebi
|
ezingaqhwebi
|
zingaqhwebi
|
Class 11
|
luyaqhweba, luqhweba
|
oluqhwebayo, oluqhweba
|
luqhweba
|
aluqhwebi
|
olungaqhwebi
|
lungaqhwebi
|
Class 14
|
buyaqhweba, buqhweba
|
obuqhwebayo, obuqhweba
|
buqhweba
|
abuqhwebi
|
obungaqhwebi
|
bungaqhwebi
|
Class 15
|
kuyaqhweba, kuqhweba
|
okuqhwebayo, okuqhweba
|
kuqhweba
|
akuqhwebi
|
okungaqhwebi
|
kungaqhwebi
|
Class 17
|
kuyaqhweba, kuqhweba
|
okuqhwebayo, okuqhweba
|
kuqhweba
|
akuqhwebi
|
okungaqhwebi
|
kungaqhwebi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhwebile, ngiqhwebē
|
engiqhwebile, engiqhwebē
|
ngiqhwebile, ngiqhwebē
|
angiqhwebanga
|
engingaqhwebanga
|
ngingaqhwebanga
|
2nd singular
|
uqhwebile, uqhwebē
|
oqhwebile, oqhwebē
|
uqhwebile, uqhwebē
|
awuqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
ungaqhwebanga
|
1st plural
|
siqhwebile, siqhwebē
|
esiqhwebile, esiqhwebē
|
siqhwebile, siqhwebē
|
asiqhwebanga
|
esingaqhwebanga
|
singaqhwebanga
|
2nd plural
|
niqhwebile, niqhwebē
|
eniqhwebile, eniqhwebē
|
niqhwebile, niqhwebē
|
aniqhwebanga
|
eningaqhwebanga
|
ningaqhwebanga
|
Class 1
|
uqhwebile, uqhwebē
|
oqhwebile, oqhwebē
|
eqhwebile, eqhwebē
|
akaqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
Class 2
|
baqhwebile, baqhwebē
|
abaqhwebile, abaqhwebē
|
beqhwebile, beqhwebē
|
abaqhwebanga
|
abangaqhwebanga
|
bengaqhwebanga
|
Class 3
|
uqhwebile, uqhwebē
|
oqhwebile, oqhwebē
|
uqhwebile, uqhwebē
|
awuqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
ungaqhwebanga
|
Class 4
|
iqhwebile, iqhwebē
|
eqhwebile, eqhwebē
|
iqhwebile, iqhwebē
|
ayiqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
ingaqhwebanga
|
Class 5
|
liqhwebile, liqhwebē
|
eliqhwebile, eliqhwebē
|
liqhwebile, liqhwebē
|
aliqhwebanga
|
elingaqhwebanga
|
lingaqhwebanga
|
Class 6
|
aqhwebile, aqhwebē
|
aqhwebile, aqhwebē
|
eqhwebile, eqhwebē
|
awaqhwebanga
|
angaqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
Class 7
|
siqhwebile, siqhwebē
|
esiqhwebile, esiqhwebē
|
siqhwebile, siqhwebē
|
asiqhwebanga
|
esingaqhwebanga
|
singaqhwebanga
|
Class 8
|
ziqhwebile, ziqhwebē
|
eziqhwebile, eziqhwebē
|
ziqhwebile, ziqhwebē
|
aziqhwebanga
|
ezingaqhwebanga
|
zingaqhwebanga
|
Class 9
|
iqhwebile, iqhwebē
|
eqhwebile, eqhwebē
|
iqhwebile, iqhwebē
|
ayiqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
ingaqhwebanga
|
Class 10
|
ziqhwebile, ziqhwebē
|
eziqhwebile, eziqhwebē
|
ziqhwebile, ziqhwebē
|
aziqhwebanga
|
ezingaqhwebanga
|
zingaqhwebanga
|
Class 11
|
luqhwebile, luqhwebē
|
oluqhwebile, oluqhwebē
|
luqhwebile, luqhwebē
|
aluqhwebanga
|
olungaqhwebanga
|
lungaqhwebanga
|
Class 14
|
buqhwebile, buqhwebē
|
obuqhwebile, obuqhwebē
|
buqhwebile, buqhwebē
|
abuqhwebanga
|
obungaqhwebanga
|
bungaqhwebanga
|
Class 15
|
kuqhwebile, kuqhwebē
|
okuqhwebile, okuqhwebē
|
kuqhwebile, kuqhwebē
|
akuqhwebanga
|
okungaqhwebanga
|
kungaqhwebanga
|
Class 17
|
kuqhwebile, kuqhwebē
|
okuqhwebile, okuqhwebē
|
kuqhwebile, kuqhwebē
|
akuqhwebanga
|
okungaqhwebanga
|
kungaqhwebanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāqhweba
|
engāqhweba
|
ngāqhweba
|
angiqhwebanga
|
engingaqhwebanga
|
ngingaqhwebanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāqhweba
|
owāqhweba
|
wāqhweba
|
awuqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
ungaqhwebanga
|
1st plural
|
sāqhweba
|
esāqhweba
|
sāqhweba
|
asiqhwebanga
|
esingaqhwebanga
|
singaqhwebanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāqhweba
|
enāqhweba
|
nāqhweba
|
aniqhwebanga
|
eningaqhwebanga
|
ningaqhwebanga
|
Class 1
|
wāqhweba
|
owāqhweba
|
āqhweba
|
akaqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
Class 2
|
bāqhweba
|
abāqhweba
|
bāqhweba
|
abaqhwebanga
|
abangaqhwebanga
|
bengaqhwebanga
|
Class 3
|
wāqhweba
|
owāqhweba
|
wāqhweba
|
awuqhwebanga
|
ongaqhwebanga
|
ungaqhwebanga
|
Class 4
|
yāqhweba
|
eyāqhweba
|
yāqhweba
|
ayiqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
ingaqhwebanga
|
Class 5
|
lāqhweba
|
elāqhweba
|
lāqhweba
|
aliqhwebanga
|
elingaqhwebanga
|
lingaqhwebanga
|
Class 6
|
āqhweba
|
āqhweba
|
āqhweba
|
awaqhwebanga
|
angaqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
Class 7
|
sāqhweba
|
esāqhweba
|
sāqhweba
|
asiqhwebanga
|
esingaqhwebanga
|
singaqhwebanga
|
Class 8
|
zāqhweba
|
ezāqhweba
|
zāqhweba
|
aziqhwebanga
|
ezingaqhwebanga
|
zingaqhwebanga
|
Class 9
|
yāqhweba
|
eyāqhweba
|
yāqhweba
|
ayiqhwebanga
|
engaqhwebanga
|
ingaqhwebanga
|
Class 10
|
zāqhweba
|
ezāqhweba
|
zāqhweba
|
aziqhwebanga
|
ezingaqhwebanga
|
zingaqhwebanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāqhweba
|
olwāqhweba
|
lwāqhweba
|
aluqhwebanga
|
olungaqhwebanga
|
lungaqhwebanga
|
Class 14
|
bāqhweba
|
obāqhweba
|
bāqhweba
|
abuqhwebanga
|
obungaqhwebanga
|
bungaqhwebanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāqhweba
|
okwāqhweba
|
kwāqhweba
|
akuqhwebanga
|
okungaqhwebanga
|
kungaqhwebanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāqhweba
|
okwāqhweba
|
kwāqhweba
|
akuqhwebanga
|
okungaqhwebanga
|
kungaqhwebanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaqhweba
|
—
|
ngingaqhweba
|
ngingeqhwebe
|
—
|
ngingeqhwebe
|
2nd singular
|
ungaqhweba
|
—
|
ungaqhweba
|
ungeqhwebe
|
—
|
ungeqhwebe
|
1st plural
|
singaqhweba
|
—
|
singaqhweba
|
singeqhwebe
|
—
|
singeqhwebe
|
2nd plural
|
ningaqhweba
|
—
|
ningaqhweba
|
ningeqhwebe
|
—
|
ningeqhwebe
|
Class 1
|
angaqhweba
|
—
|
engaqhweba
|
angeqhwebe
|
—
|
engeqhwebe
|
Class 2
|
bangaqhweba
|
—
|
bengaqhweba
|
bangeqhwebe
|
—
|
bengeqhwebe
|
Class 3
|
ungaqhweba
|
—
|
ungaqhweba
|
ungeqhwebe
|
—
|
ungeqhwebe
|
Class 4
|
ingaqhweba
|
—
|
ingaqhweba
|
ingeqhwebe
|
—
|
ingeqhwebe
|
Class 5
|
lingaqhweba
|
—
|
lingaqhweba
|
lingeqhwebe
|
—
|
lingeqhwebe
|
Class 6
|
angaqhweba
|
—
|
engaqhweba
|
angeqhwebe
|
—
|
engeqhwebe
|
Class 7
|
singaqhweba
|
—
|
singaqhweba
|
singeqhwebe
|
—
|
singeqhwebe
|
Class 8
|
zingaqhweba
|
—
|
zingaqhweba
|
zingeqhwebe
|
—
|
zingeqhwebe
|
Class 9
|
ingaqhweba
|
—
|
ingaqhweba
|
ingeqhwebe
|
—
|
ingeqhwebe
|
Class 10
|
zingaqhweba
|
—
|
zingaqhweba
|
zingeqhwebe
|
—
|
zingeqhwebe
|
Class 11
|
lungaqhweba
|
—
|
lungaqhweba
|
lungeqhwebe
|
—
|
lungeqhwebe
|
Class 14
|
bungaqhweba
|
—
|
bungaqhweba
|
bungeqhwebe
|
—
|
bungeqhwebe
|
Class 15
|
kungaqhweba
|
—
|
kungaqhweba
|
kungeqhwebe
|
—
|
kungeqhwebe
|
Class 17
|
kungaqhweba
|
—
|
kungaqhweba
|
kungeqhwebe
|
—
|
kungeqhwebe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoqhweba
|
engizoqhweba
|
ngizoqhweba
|
angizuqhweba
|
engingezuqhweba
|
ngingezuqhweba
|
2nd singular
|
uzoqhweba
|
ozoqhweba
|
uzoqhweba
|
awuzuqhweba
|
ongezuqhweba
|
ungezuqhweba
|
1st plural
|
sizoqhweba
|
esizoqhweba
|
sizoqhweba
|
asizuqhweba
|
esingezuqhweba
|
singezuqhweba
|
2nd plural
|
nizoqhweba
|
enizoqhweba
|
nizoqhweba
|
anizuqhweba
|
eningezuqhweba
|
ningezuqhweba
|
Class 1
|
uzoqhweba
|
ozoqhweba
|
ezoqhweba
|
akazuqhweba
|
ongezuqhweba
|
engezuqhweba
|
Class 2
|
bazoqhweba
|
abazoqhweba
|
bezoqhweba
|
abazuqhweba
|
abangezuqhweba
|
bengezuqhweba
|
Class 3
|
uzoqhweba
|
ozoqhweba
|
uzoqhweba
|
awuzuqhweba
|
ongezuqhweba
|
ungezuqhweba
|
Class 4
|
izoqhweba
|
ezoqhweba
|
izoqhweba
|
ayizuqhweba
|
engezuqhweba
|
ingezuqhweba
|
Class 5
|
lizoqhweba
|
elizoqhweba
|
lizoqhweba
|
alizuqhweba
|
elingezuqhweba
|
lingezuqhweba
|
Class 6
|
azoqhweba
|
azoqhweba
|
ezoqhweba
|
awazuqhweba
|
angezuqhweba
|
engezuqhweba
|
Class 7
|
sizoqhweba
|
esizoqhweba
|
sizoqhweba
|
asizuqhweba
|
esingezuqhweba
|
singezuqhweba
|
Class 8
|
zizoqhweba
|
ezizoqhweba
|
zizoqhweba
|
azizuqhweba
|
ezingezuqhweba
|
zingezuqhweba
|
Class 9
|
izoqhweba
|
ezoqhweba
|
izoqhweba
|
ayizuqhweba
|
engezuqhweba
|
ingezuqhweba
|
Class 10
|
zizoqhweba
|
ezizoqhweba
|
zizoqhweba
|
azizuqhweba
|
ezingezuqhweba
|
zingezuqhweba
|
Class 11
|
luzoqhweba
|
oluzoqhweba
|
luzoqhweba
|
aluzuqhweba
|
olungezuqhweba
|
lungezuqhweba
|
Class 14
|
buzoqhweba
|
obuzoqhweba
|
buzoqhweba
|
abuzuqhweba
|
obungezuqhweba
|
bungezuqhweba
|
Class 15
|
kuzoqhweba
|
okuzoqhweba
|
kuzoqhweba
|
akuzuqhweba
|
okungezuqhweba
|
kungezuqhweba
|
Class 17
|
kuzoqhweba
|
okuzoqhweba
|
kuzoqhweba
|
akuzuqhweba
|
okungezuqhweba
|
kungezuqhweba
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoqhweba
|
engiyoqhweba
|
ngiyoqhweba
|
angiyuqhweba
|
engingeyuqhweba
|
ngingeyuqhweba
|
2nd singular
|
uyoqhweba
|
oyoqhweba
|
uyoqhweba
|
awuyuqhweba
|
ongeyuqhweba
|
ungeyuqhweba
|
1st plural
|
siyoqhweba
|
esiyoqhweba
|
siyoqhweba
|
asiyuqhweba
|
esingeyuqhweba
|
singeyuqhweba
|
2nd plural
|
niyoqhweba
|
eniyoqhweba
|
niyoqhweba
|
aniyuqhweba
|
eningeyuqhweba
|
ningeyuqhweba
|
Class 1
|
uyoqhweba
|
oyoqhweba
|
eyoqhweba
|
akayuqhweba
|
ongeyuqhweba
|
engeyuqhweba
|
Class 2
|
bayoqhweba
|
abayoqhweba
|
beyoqhweba
|
abayuqhweba
|
abangeyuqhweba
|
bengeyuqhweba
|
Class 3
|
uyoqhweba
|
oyoqhweba
|
uyoqhweba
|
awuyuqhweba
|
ongeyuqhweba
|
ungeyuqhweba
|
Class 4
|
iyoqhweba
|
eyoqhweba
|
iyoqhweba
|
ayiyuqhweba
|
engeyuqhweba
|
ingeyuqhweba
|
Class 5
|
liyoqhweba
|
eliyoqhweba
|
liyoqhweba
|
aliyuqhweba
|
elingeyuqhweba
|
lingeyuqhweba
|
Class 6
|
ayoqhweba
|
ayoqhweba
|
eyoqhweba
|
awayuqhweba
|
angeyuqhweba
|
engeyuqhweba
|
Class 7
|
siyoqhweba
|
esiyoqhweba
|
siyoqhweba
|
asiyuqhweba
|
esingeyuqhweba
|
singeyuqhweba
|
Class 8
|
ziyoqhweba
|
eziyoqhweba
|
ziyoqhweba
|
aziyuqhweba
|
ezingeyuqhweba
|
zingeyuqhweba
|
Class 9
|
iyoqhweba
|
eyoqhweba
|
iyoqhweba
|
ayiyuqhweba
|
engeyuqhweba
|
ingeyuqhweba
|
Class 10
|
ziyoqhweba
|
eziyoqhweba
|
ziyoqhweba
|
aziyuqhweba
|
ezingeyuqhweba
|
zingeyuqhweba
|
Class 11
|
luyoqhweba
|
oluyoqhweba
|
luyoqhweba
|
aluyuqhweba
|
olungeyuqhweba
|
lungeyuqhweba
|
Class 14
|
buyoqhweba
|
obuyoqhweba
|
buyoqhweba
|
abuyuqhweba
|
obungeyuqhweba
|
bungeyuqhweba
|
Class 15
|
kuyoqhweba
|
okuyoqhweba
|
kuyoqhweba
|
akuyuqhweba
|
okungeyuqhweba
|
kungeyuqhweba
|
Class 17
|
kuyoqhweba
|
okuyoqhweba
|
kuyoqhweba
|
akuyuqhweba
|
okungeyuqhweba
|
kungeyuqhweba
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiqhwebe
|
ngingaqhwebi
|
2nd singular
|
uqhwebe
|
ungaqhwebi
|
1st plural
|
siqhwebe
|
singaqhwebi
|
2nd plural
|
niqhwebe
|
ningaqhwebi
|
Class 1
|
aqhwebe
|
angaqhwebi
|
Class 2
|
baqhwebe
|
bangaqhwebi
|
Class 3
|
uqhwebe
|
ungaqhwebi
|
Class 4
|
iqhwebe
|
ingaqhwebi
|
Class 5
|
liqhwebe
|
lingaqhwebi
|
Class 6
|
aqhwebe
|
angaqhwebi
|
Class 7
|
siqhwebe
|
singaqhwebi
|
Class 8
|
ziqhwebe
|
zingaqhwebi
|
Class 9
|
iqhwebe
|
ingaqhwebi
|
Class 10
|
ziqhwebe
|
zingaqhwebi
|
Class 11
|
luqhwebe
|
lungaqhwebi
|
Class 14
|
buqhwebe
|
bungaqhwebi
|
Class 15
|
kuqhwebe
|
kungaqhwebi
|
Class 17
|
kuqhwebe
|
kungaqhwebi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaqhweba
|
ngangaqhweba, angaqhweba, angangaqhweba
|
2nd singular
|
waqhweba
|
wangaqhweba, awaqhweba, awangaqhweba
|
1st plural
|
saqhweba
|
sangaqhweba, asaqhweba, asangaqhweba
|
2nd plural
|
naqhweba
|
nangaqhweba, anaqhweba, anangaqhweba
|
Class 1
|
waqhweba
|
wangaqhweba, akaqhweba, akangaqhweba
|
Class 2
|
baqhweba
|
bangaqhweba, abaqhweba, abangaqhweba
|
Class 3
|
waqhweba
|
wangaqhweba, awaqhweba, awangaqhweba
|
Class 4
|
yaqhweba
|
yangaqhweba, ayaqhweba, ayangaqhweba
|
Class 5
|
laqhweba
|
langaqhweba, alaqhweba, alangaqhweba
|
Class 6
|
aqhweba
|
angaqhweba, awaqhweba, awangaqhweba
|
Class 7
|
saqhweba
|
sangaqhweba, asaqhweba, asangaqhweba
|
Class 8
|
zaqhweba
|
zangaqhweba, azaqhweba, azangaqhweba
|
Class 9
|
yaqhweba
|
yangaqhweba, ayaqhweba, ayangaqhweba
|
Class 10
|
zaqhweba
|
zangaqhweba, azaqhweba, azangaqhweba
|
Class 11
|
lwaqhweba
|
lwangaqhweba, alwaqhweba, alwangaqhweba
|
Class 14
|
baqhweba
|
bangaqhweba, abaqhweba, abangaqhweba
|
Class 15
|
kwaqhweba
|
kwangaqhweba, akwaqhweba, akwangaqhweba
|
Class 17
|
kwaqhweba
|
kwangaqhweba, akwaqhweba, akwangaqhweba
|