See also: siúr

Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *swesūr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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siur f (genitive sethar, nominative plural sethir)

  1. sister
  2. kinswoman, female relation

Declension

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Feminine r-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative siur siairL, sieirL sethir
Vocative siur siairL, sieirL sethraH
Accusative siairN, sieirN siairL, sieirL sethraH
Genitive sethar setharL setharN
Dative siairL, sieirL sethraib sethraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: siúr
  • Manx: shuyr
  • Scottish Gaelic: piuthar (back-formed from lenited form fiur, phiur)

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
siur phiur, fiur unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Note: Old Irish s, when from Proto-Celtic *sɸ- and *sw-, was lenited as /f/ (spelled ⟨ph⟩ or ⟨f⟩), rather than the usual /h/ (spelled ⟨ṡ⟩).

References

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