skjǫldr
Old Norse edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-Germanic *skelduz (“shield”). Cognate with Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld, Old Frisian skeld, Old Saxon skild, Old High German skild, skilt, Gothic 𐍃𐌺𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌿𐍃 (skildus). The different case and number forms show various sound changes: breaking (e > ja), u-umlaut (ja > jǫ), and i-umlaut (e > i).
Pronunciation edit
- (9th century West Norse) IPA(key): /skeɒ̯ldɹ̝/, [s̠cøɵ̯lˠd̥ɹ̻̊˔]
- (12th century Icelandic) IPA(key): /ˈskjɒldr̩/
Noun edit
skjǫldr m (genitive skjaldar, dative skildi, plural skildir)
Declension edit
Declension of skjǫldr (strong u-stem)
masculine | singular | plural | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
nominative | skjǫldr | skjǫldrinn | skildir | skildirnir |
accusative | skjǫld | skjǫldinn | skjǫldu | skjǫlduna |
dative | skildi | skildinum | skjǫldum | skjǫldunum |
genitive | skjaldar | skjaldarins | skjalda | skjaldanna |
Derived terms edit
- skjaldarband (“shield-strap”)
- skjaldarbukl (“shield-boss”)
- skjaldarfetill (“shield-strap”)
- skjaldarrǫnd (“shield-rim”)
- skjaldarsporðr (“lower part of a shield”)
- skjaldaskirfl (“old worn-out shields”)
- skjaldborg (“wall of shields”)
- skjaldfimr (“dexterous with a shield”)
- skjaldhvalr (“a kind of whale”)
- skjaldjǫtunn (“war-engine”)
- skjaldmær (“amazon”)
- skjaldrim (“shield-rim”)
- skjaldsveinn (“shield-bearer”)
- skjaldþili (“wainscotting”)
Related terms edit
- skjalda (“to cover with a shield”)
- skjǫldungr (“sheldrake”)
Descendants edit
References edit
- skjǫldr in An Icelandic-English Dictionary, R. Cleasby and G. Vigfússon, Clarendon Press, 1874, at Internet Archive.
- skjǫldr in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.