sormonter

Old French

Alternative forms

• surmonter, sourmonter

Etymology

From sur- +‎ monter. First attested in the early 12th century (writings of Philip de Thaun). Compare Old Occitan sobremontar.

Verb

sormonter

1. to surpass; to go beyond

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ts, *-tt are modified to z, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of sormonter (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		sormonter			avoir sormonté
gerund		en sormontant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		sormontant
past participle		sormonté
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	sormont	sormontes	sormonte	sormontons	sormontez	sormontent
	imperfect	sormontoie, sormonteie, sormontoe, sormonteve	sormontoies, sormonteies, sormontoes, sormonteves	sormontoit, sormonteit, sormontot, sormonteve	sormontiiens, sormontiens	sormontiiez, sormontiez	sormontoient, sormonteient, sormontoent, sormontevent
	preterite	sormontai	sormontas	sormonta	sormontames	sormontastes	sormonterent
	future	sormonterai	sormonteras	sormontera	sormonterons	sormonteroiz, sormontereiz, sormonterez	sormonteront
	conditional	sormonteroie, sormontereie	sormonteroies, sormontereies	sormonteroit, sormontereit	sormonteriiens, sormonteriens	sormonteriiez, sormonteriez	sormonteroient, sormontereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	sormont	sormonz	sormont	sormontons	sormontez	sormontent
	imperfect	sormontasse	sormontasses	sormontast	sormontissons, sormontissiens	sormontissoiz, sormontissez, sormontissiez	sormontassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	sormonte	—	sormontons	sormontez	—

Descendants

• → Middle English: surmounten, sourmonte, sourmounten, surmonte, surmount, surmounte
  • English: surmount
• → Italian: sormontare

References

• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002) “*montare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volumes 6/3: Mobilis–Myxa, page 111