εἰμί

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁es- (“to be, exist”). Cognate with Old Armenian եմ (em).

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /e͜emí/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /iːmí/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /imí/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /imí/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /imí/

Verb

εἰμί (eimi) future: ἔσομαι

1. I am

Inflection

    Inflection

number		singular			plural
present		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	εἰμί	εἶ	ἐστί(ν)	ἐσμέν	ἐστέ	εἰσί(ν)
	subjunctive	ὦ	ᾖς	ᾖ	ὦμεν	ἦτε	ὦσι(ν)
	optative	εἴην	εἴης	εἴη	εἴημεν / εἶμεν	εἴητε / εἶτε	εἴησαν /εἶεν
	imperative		ἴσθι	ἔστω / ἤτω		ἔστε	ἔστωσαν / ὄντων
		infinitive			participle
		εἶναι			masculine: ὤν, feminine: οὖσα, neuter: ὄν
imperfect		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἦ(ν)	ἦσθα	ἦν	ἦμεν	ἦτε	ἦσαν
future		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔσομαι	ἔσει / ἔσῃ	ἔσται	ἐσόμεθα	ἔσεσθε	ἔσονται
	optative	ἐσοίμην	ἔσοιο	ἔσοιτο	ἐσοίμεθα	ἔσοισθε	ἔσοιντο
		infinitive			participle
		ἔσεσθαι			—

Descendants

Greek: είμαι

References

• LSJ
• BDAG
• Strong’s concordance number: G1510