волна

Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvɔɫna]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: вол‧на

Noun

волна • (volna) f (relational adjective волнен, diminutive волничка or волниче)

1. wool

Declension

Declension of волна

	singular
indefinite	волна
definite unspecified	волната
definite proximal	волнава
definite distal	волнана
vocative	волно

Related terms

• волнар m (volnar)
• волнарница f (volnarnica)
• волнарство n (volnarstvo)

References

• “волна” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

Russian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old East Slavic вълна (vŭlna, “wave”), from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wave”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna), Czech vlna, Slovak vlna. Cognate with Lithuanian vilnìs (“wave”), Latvian vilnis (“wave”), Sanskrit ऊर्मि (ūrmí, “wave”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬌 (var^əmi), Baluchi گورم (gwarm), Old High German wella, German Welle, Albanian valë (“wave”), and further with Old Church Slavonic вьлати (vĭlati, “undulate”), German wallen (“undulate”), and Russian вали́ть (valítʹ), вал (val).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [vɐɫˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

волна́ • (volná) f inan (genitive волны́, nominative plural во́лны, genitive plural волн, relational adjective волново́й)

1. wave
2. wavelength

Declension

Declension of волна́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d/f) 

	singular	plural
nominative	волна́ volná	во́лны vólny
genitive	волны́ volný	во́лн vóln
dative	волне́ volné	во́лнам, волна́м* vólnam, volnám*
accusative	волну́ volnú	во́лны vólny
instrumental	волно́й, волно́ю volnój, volnóju	во́лнами, волна́ми* vólnami, volnámi*
prepositional	волне́ volné	во́лнах, волна́х* vólnax, volnáx*

^* Archaic but still used almost as often.

Pre-reform declension of волна́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d/f) 

	singular	plural
nominative	волна́ volná	во́лны vólny
genitive	волны́ volný	во́лнъ vóln
dative	волнѣ́ volně́	во́лнамъ, волна́мъ* vólnam, volnám*
accusative	волну́ volnú	во́лны vólny
instrumental	волно́й, волно́ю volnój, volnóju	во́лнами, волна́ми* vólnami, volnámi*
prepositional	волнѣ́ volně́	во́лнахъ, волна́хъ* vólnax, volnáx*

^* Archaic.

Related terms

• волне́ние (volnénije)
• волни́стый (volnístyj)
• волнова́ться (volnovátʹsja)
• прили́вная волна́ (prilívnaja volná)

 

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *vьlna (“wool”), from Proto-Balto-Slavic *wílˀnāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wĺ̥h₁neh₂ (“wool”). Cognate with Old Church Slavonic вльна (vlĭna), Bulgarian вълна (vǎlna), Czech vlna, Slovak vlna and Polish wełna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈvoɫnə]
• IPA^(key): [vɐɫˈna]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

волна́ or во́лна • (volná or vólna) f inan (genitive волны́ or во́лны, uncountable)

1. (dialectal) wool of sheep or goats

   Synonym: шерсть (šerstʹ) (the common term)

Declension

Declension of волна́, во́лна (inan sg-only fem-form hard-stem accent-d/a) 

	singular
nominative	волна́, во́лна volná, vólna
genitive	волны́, во́лны volný, vólny
dative	волне́, во́лне volné, vólne
accusative	волну́, во́лну volnú, vólnu
instrumental	волно́й, волно́ю, во́лной, во́лною volnój, volnóju, vólnoj, vólnoju
prepositional	волне́, во́лне volné, vólne

Pre-reform declension of волна́, во́лна (inan sg-only fem-form hard-stem accent-d/a) 

	singular
nominative	волна́, во́лна volná, vólna
genitive	волны́, во́лны volný, vólny
dative	волнѣ́, во́лнѣ volně́, vólně
accusative	волну́, во́лну volnú, vólnu
instrumental	волно́й, волно́ю, во́лной, во́лною volnój, volnóju, vólnoj, vólnoju
prepositional	волнѣ́, во́лнѣ volně́, vólně