пуша

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pušiti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpuʃɐ]

Verb

пу́ша • (púša) first-singular present indicative, impf

1. (intransitive) to fume, to smoulder, to emit smoke

   Synonyms: димя́ (dimjá), чадя́ (čadjá), чуря́ (čurjá)

2. (transitive, cooking) to flavour [food] via smoking
3. (intransitive) to smoke (as a habit)
4. (transitive) to smoke (tobacco and alike products)
5. (reflexive with се, figurative) to fuss, to sulk

   Synonyms: съ́рдя се (sǎ́rdja se), ду́я се (dúja se)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of пу́ша (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, intransitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	пу́шещ púšešt	пу́шил, пуши́л1 púšil, pušíl1	пу́шел púšel	—		пу́шейки púšejki
	definite subject form	пу́шещият púšeštijat	пу́шилият, пуши́лият1 púšilijat, pušílijat1	—	—
	definite object form	пу́шещия púšeštija	пу́шилия, пуши́лия1 púšilija, pušílija1	—	—
feminine	indefinite	пу́шеща púšešta	пу́шила, пуши́ла1 púšila, pušíla1	пу́шела púšela	—
	definite	пу́шещата púšeštata	пу́шилата, пуши́лата1 púšilata, pušílata1	—	—
neuter	indefinite	пу́шещо púšešto	пу́шило, пуши́ло1 púšilo, pušílo1	пу́шело púšelo	—	пу́шене púšene
	definite	пу́шещото púšeštoto	пу́шилото, пуши́лото1 púšiloto, pušíloto1	—	—	пу́шенето púšeneto
plural	indefinite	пу́шещи púšešti	пу́шили, пуши́ли1 púšili, pušíli1	пу́шели púšeli	—	пу́шения, пу́шенета púšenija, púšeneta
	definite	пу́шещите púšeštite	пу́шилите, пуши́лите1 púšilite, pušílite1	—	—	пу́шенията, пу́шенетата púšenijata, púšenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		пу́ша púša	пу́шиш púšiš	пу́ши púši	пу́шим púšim	пу́шите púšite	пу́шат púšat
imperfect		пу́шех púšeh	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шехме púšehme	пу́шехте púšehte	пу́шеха púšeha
aorist		пу́ших, пуши́х1 púših, pušíh1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́шихме, пуши́хме1 púšihme, pušíhme1	пу́шихте, пуши́хте1 púšihte, pušíhte1	пу́шиха, пуши́ха1 púšiha, pušíha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			пуши́ puší			пуше́те pušéte

¹Dialectally marked.

    Conjugation of пу́ша (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	пу́шещ púšešt	пу́шил, пуши́л1 púšil, pušíl1	пу́шел púšel	пу́шен púšen		пу́шейки púšejki
	definite subject form	пу́шещият púšeštijat	пу́шилият, пуши́лият1 púšilijat, pušílijat1	—	пу́шеният púšenijat
	definite object form	пу́шещия púšeštija	пу́шилия, пуши́лия1 púšilija, pušílija1	—	пу́шения púšenija
feminine	indefinite	пу́шеща púšešta	пу́шила, пуши́ла1 púšila, pušíla1	пу́шела púšela	пу́шена púšena
	definite	пу́шещата púšeštata	пу́шилата, пуши́лата1 púšilata, pušílata1	—	пу́шената púšenata
neuter	indefinite	пу́шещо púšešto	пу́шило, пуши́ло1 púšilo, pušílo1	пу́шело púšelo	пу́шено púšeno	пу́шене púšene
	definite	пу́шещото púšeštoto	пу́шилото, пуши́лото1 púšiloto, pušíloto1	—	пу́шеното púšenoto	пу́шенето púšeneto
plural	indefinite	пу́шещи púšešti	пу́шили, пуши́ли1 púšili, pušíli1	пу́шели púšeli	пу́шени púšeni	пу́шения, пу́шенета púšenija, púšeneta
	definite	пу́шещите púšeštite	пу́шилите, пуши́лите1 púšilite, pušílite1	—	пу́шените púšenite	пу́шенията, пу́шенетата púšenijata, púšenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		пу́ша púša	пу́шиш púšiš	пу́ши púši	пу́шим púšim	пу́шите púšite	пу́шат púšat
imperfect		пу́шех púšeh	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шехме púšehme	пу́шехте púšehte	пу́шеха púšeha
aorist		пу́ших, пуши́х1 púših, pušíh1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́шихме, пуши́хме1 púšihme, pušíhme1	пу́шихте, пуши́хте1 púšihte, pušíhte1	пу́шиха, пуши́ха1 púšiha, pušíha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			пуши́ puší			пуше́те pušéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• запу́ша pf (zapúša), запу́швам impf (zapúšvam)
• изпу́ша pf (izpúša), изпу́швам impf (izpúšvam)
• напу́ша се pf (napúša se), напу́швам се impf (napúšvam se)
• опу́ша pf (opúša), опу́швам impf (opúšvam)
• пропу́ша pf (propúša), пропу́швам impf (propúšvam)
• разпу́ша pf (razpúša), разпу́швам impf (razpúšvam)
• пу́шек (púšek, “smoke”)
• пуши́лка (pušílka), пушиля́вица (pušiljávica)

Related terms

• пу́хам (púham, “to puff, to wheeze”) (obsolescent)
• пухтя́ (puhtjá, “to gasp”), пъхтя́ (pǎhtjá, “to pant”)

References

• “пуша¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• “пуша”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “пуша¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 18
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “пуша се”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 20

Etymology 2

Probably causative-iterative denominal from dialectal пух (puh, “bump, bulge, swelling”) +‎ -я (-ja).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈpuʃɐ]

Verb

пу́ша • (púša) first-singular present indicative, impf (perfective пу́шна) (dialectal)

1. (transitive, intransitive) to tap, to stuff up, to fill up

   пу́ша празнини́те с гипс ― púša prazniníte s gips ― to fill up the gaps with plaster

Conjugation

    Conjugation of пу́ша (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	пу́шещ púšešt	пу́шил, пуши́л1 púšil, pušíl1	пу́шел púšel	пу́шен púšen		пу́шейки púšejki
	definite subject form	пу́шещият púšeštijat	пу́шилият, пуши́лият1 púšilijat, pušílijat1	—	пу́шеният púšenijat
	definite object form	пу́шещия púšeštija	пу́шилия, пуши́лия1 púšilija, pušílija1	—	пу́шения púšenija
feminine	indefinite	пу́шеща púšešta	пу́шила, пуши́ла1 púšila, pušíla1	пу́шела púšela	пу́шена púšena
	definite	пу́шещата púšeštata	пу́шилата, пуши́лата1 púšilata, pušílata1	—	пу́шената púšenata
neuter	indefinite	пу́шещо púšešto	пу́шило, пуши́ло1 púšilo, pušílo1	пу́шело púšelo	пу́шено púšeno	пу́шене púšene
	definite	пу́шещото púšeštoto	пу́шилото, пуши́лото1 púšiloto, pušíloto1	—	пу́шеното púšenoto	пу́шенето púšeneto
plural	indefinite	пу́шещи púšešti	пу́шили, пуши́ли1 púšili, pušíli1	пу́шели púšeli	пу́шени púšeni	пу́шения, пу́шенета púšenija, púšeneta
	definite	пу́шещите púšeštite	пу́шилите, пуши́лите1 púšilite, pušílite1	—	пу́шените púšenite	пу́шенията, пу́шенетата púšenijata, púšenetata

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		пу́ша púša	пу́шиш púšiš	пу́ши púši	пу́шим púšim	пу́шите púšite	пу́шат púšat
imperfect		пу́шех púšeh	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шеше púšeše	пу́шехме púšehme	пу́шехте púšehte	пу́шеха púšeha
aorist		пу́ших, пуши́х1 púših, pušíh1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́ши, пуши́1 púši, puší1	пу́шихме, пуши́хме1 púšihme, pušíhme1	пу́шихте, пуши́хте1 púšihte, pušíhte1	пу́шиха, пуши́ха1 púšiha, pušíha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шел m, пу́шела f, пу́шело n, or пу́шели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and пу́шил/пуши́л1 m, пу́шила/пуши́ла1 f, пу́шило/пуши́ло1 n, or пу́шили/пуши́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			пуши́ puší			пуше́те pušéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Derived terms

• запу́ша pf (zapúša), запу́швам impf (zapúšvam, “to clog, to tap”)
• опу́ша pf (opúša), опу́швам impf (opúšvam)
• отпу́ша pf (otpúša), отпу́швам impf (otpúšvam, “to unclog”)

Related terms

• пу́хам (púham, “to thwack”)

References

• “пуша²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “пуша²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 19