Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Old Armenian խոր (xor).

Pronunciation edit

Adjective edit

խոր (xor) (superlative ամենախոր)

  1. deep
    խոր փոսxor pʻosdeep hole
    խոր վերքxor verkʻdeep wound
    խոր քունxor kʻundeep sleep

Declension edit

Adverb edit

խոր (xor)

  1. deep

Related terms edit

Old Armenian edit

Etymology edit

Usually considered a word of uncertain origin.[1] Justi compares with Northern Kurdish kûr (deep).[2] Olsen tentatively derives from an unattested Iranian word that starts with xwa- and is cognate with Latin solum.[3] J̌ahukyan compares several Northeast Caucasian words: Tabasaran хъуьр (qu̱r), хъуьл (qu̱l), Hunzib харам (xaram), Lezgi кур (kur), Rutul хьвар (pit, hole).[4]

Most likely a Semitic borrowing: compare Aramaic חוֹרָא / ܚܘܿܪܴܐ (ḥōrā, hole), absolute state חוֹר / ܚܘܿܪ (ḥōr), Hebrew חֹר (ḥōr, hole), Akkadian 𒆢𒁕 (/⁠ḫurru⁠/, burrow; ravine; cave, mine), Arabic خَوْر (ḵawr, inlet; narrow bay; ravine; canyon). The Akkadian was already compared by Karst.[5]

Compare also խորշ (xorš).

Adjective edit

խոր (xor)

  1. deep
    խոր վէրքxor vērkʻdeep wound
    պեղել ի խորpełel i xorto excavate deeply
  2. (figuratively) complicated, difficult to understand
  3. (figuratively) profound, deep
    ի խորi xordeeply, profoundly; thoroughly; grievously
    խոր տգիտութիւնxor tgitutʻiwnprofound ignorance
    խաւար խորxawar xorthick, dreadful darkness
    խոր աղքատութիւնxor ałkʻatutʻiwnprofound misery, abject poverty
    խոր ծերութիւնxor cerutʻiwndecrepitude
    ի խոր ձմերանi xor jmeranin the depth of winter
    ի խոր ամարանi xor amaranin the middle of summer
    ի խոր խուզել, ի խորմէ խոր քննելi xor xuzel, i xormē xor kʻnnelto investigate minutely, to examine thoroughly
    խոր ի քուն լինելxor i kʻun linelto sleep soundly
    ի խոր խոցելi xor xocʻelto wound severely, mortally; to cut to the heart, to grieve deeply, to break one's heart
    ի խոր խոցիլi xor xocʻilto be touched to the quick, to be cut to the heart
    իբրեւ ի խոր խոցեցաւ պատերազմնibrew i xor xocʻecʻaw paterazmnat the hottest moment of the fight
    ի խոր մոռացումն անկեալi xor moṙacʻumn ankealburied in forgetfulness

Declension edit

Noun edit

խոր (xor)

  1. (usually in the plural) hollow, cavity, pit, depth, bottom; gulph, abyss
    խոր ծովուxor covuthe high sea; the open sea
    ի խորսi xorsthe offing
    խոր չարեացxor čʻareacʻdepth of misery or misfortune
    խոր սրտիցxor srticʻthe heart's secrets
    ի խորոց սրտէi xorocʻ srtēfrom the bottom of the heart
    ի խորս անտառինi xors antaṙinin the depth of the forest
    ի խորս քարայրինi xors kʻarayrinat the bottom of the grotto
    բանք նորա ի խորս սրտի իմոյ ազդեցինbankʻ nora i xors srti imoy azdecʻinhis words touched me to the quick
    խոր խորհրդոց Աստուծոյxor xorhrdocʻ Astucoythe inscrutable designs of God
    ո՛վ խորք իմաստութեանóv xorkʻ imastutʻeano depth of wisdom!
    խաղացո՛ ի խորնxałacʻó i xorngo out to the open sea

Declension edit

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

  • Armenian: խոր (xor), խորք (xorkʻ)

References edit

  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “խոր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, pages 404–405
  2. ^ Jaba, Auguste, Justi, Ferdinand (1879) Dictionnaire Kurde-Français [Kurdish–French Dictionary], Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 348
  3. ^ Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 885
  4. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎[1] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 612
  5. ^ Karst, Josef (1911) “Zur ethnischen Stellung der Armenier”, in Nersēs Akinean, editor, Huschardzan: Festschrift aus Anlass des 100-jahrigen Bestandes der Mechitaristen-Kongregation in Wien (1811–1911), und des 25. Jahrganges der philosophischen Monatsschrift Handes amsorya (1887–1911) (in German), Vienna: Mekhitarist Press, page 400

Further reading edit

  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “խոր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “խոր”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy