אבד

See also: א־ב־ד

Aramaic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔəbad/, [ʔăvað]

Verb

אֲבַד • (avad) (intransitive) (peal construction)

1. be lost, disappear
   • Tanach, Jeremiah 10:11, with translation of the New International Version:

     יֵאבַדוּ מֵאַרְעָא וּמִן־תְּחוֹת שְׁמַיָּא אֵלֶּה׃

     May they disappear from the earth and from beneath this heaven

2. to perish, die

Verb

אבד • (transliteration needed) (paal construction)

1. destroy

Verb

אבד • (transliteration needed) (af'el construction)

1. destroy.
2. (intransitive), be lost, go to ruin.

See also

• אבדא
• אבדון
• אבדן
• אבדנא
• אבידה
• אֲבֵידְתָּא
• איבוד

References

• Jastrow, Marcus (1903) A Dictionary of the Targumim, the Talmud Babli and Yerushalmi, and the Midrashic Literature, London, New York: Luzac & Co., G.P. Putnam's Sons
• “ˀbd”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–

Hebrew

Root
א־ב־ד (ʾ-b-d)

Etymology 1

Compare Moabite אבד ('-b-d, “to perish”), Aramaic אֲבַד ('avad), Classical Syriac אֱבַד ('evad, “he perished”), Ugaritic 'bd (“to perish”)

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈvad/
• Homophone: עבד

Verb

אָבַד • (avád) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, future יֹאבַד, imperative אבוד / אֱבֹד, passive participle אָבוּד, passive counterpart נֶאֱבַד)

1. be pressed
2. go around in despair
3. be lost, perish
   • Tanach, Numbers 17:12:

     וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אֶל־מֹשֶׁה לֵאמֹר הֵן גָּוַעְנוּ אָבַדְנוּ כֻּלָּנוּ אָבָֽדְנוּ׃

     And the children of Israel said to Moses, "Behold, we are dying! We are perishing! We are all perishing!"

4. be beyond recognition
5. to be given up

Conjugation

Conjugation of אָבַד (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 

non-finite forms		to-infinitive: לאבוד / לֶאֱבֹד action noun: — passive participle: אָבוּד
finite forms		singular		plural
		m.	f.	m.	f.
past	first	אָבַדְתִּי		אָבַדְנוּ
	second	אָבַדְתָּ	אָבַדְתְּ	אֲבַדְתֶּם1	אֲבַדְתֶּן1
	third	אָבַד	אָבְדָה	אָבְדוּ
present		אוֹבֵד	אוֹבֶדֶת	אוֹבְדִים	אוֹבְדוֹת
future	first	אובד / אֹבַד		נֹאבַד
	second	תֹּאבַד	תֹּאבְדִי	תֹּאבְדוּ	תֹּאבַדְנָה2
	third	יֹאבַד	תֹּאבַד	יֹאבְדוּ	תֹּאבַדְנָה2
imperative		אבוד / אֱבֹד	אִבְדִי	אִבְדוּ	אבודנה / אֱבֹדְנָה2
notes		Pronounced אָבַדְתֶּם and אָבַדְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)iˈbed/

Verb

אִבֵּד • (ibéd) third-singular masculine past (pi'el construction) (transitive)

1. defective spelling of איבד

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)aˈved/

Adjective

אָבֵד • (avéd)

1. perishable, irretrievable

See also

• אָבוּד (avúd)