ببر
Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Cognate to Classical Syriac ܒܒܪܐ (bbrʾ) and cognate to Akkadian 𒌨𒁇𒊏 (barbarum, “wolf”), likely an early Semitic loan from Sumerian 𒌨𒁇𒊏 (urbarak, literally “outsider dog”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
بَبْر • (babr) m (plural بُبُور (bubūr))
- tiger
- a. 869 C.E., Al-Jāḥiẓ, edited by Ḥasan Ḥusnī ʕAbd Al-Wahhāb At-Tūnisiyy, كتاب التبصر بالتجارة, 3rd edition, Cairo, Egypt: مكتبة الخانجي, published 1994, →OCLC, pages 25–26:
- يُجْلَبُ مِنَ ٱلهِنْدِ ٱلبُبُورُ، وَٱلنُّمُورُ، وَٱلفِيَلَةُ، وَجُلُودُ ٱلنُّمُورِ، وَٱليَاقُوتُ ٱلأَحْمَرُ، وَٱلصَّنْدَلُ ٱلأَبْيَضُ، وَٱلآبَنُوسُ، وَجَوْزُ ٱلهِنْدِ.
- yujlabu mina l-hindi l-bubūru, wa-n-numūru, wa-l-fiyalatu, wa-julūdu n-numūri, wa-l-yāqūtu l-ʔaḥmaru, wa-ṣ-ṣandalu l-ʔabyaḍu, wa-l-ʔābanūsu, wa-jawzu l-hindi.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Declension of noun بَبْر (babr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بَبْر babr |
الْبَبْر al-babr |
بَبْر babr |
Nominative | بَبْرٌ babrun |
الْبَبْرُ al-babru |
بَبْرُ babru |
Accusative | بَبْرًا babran |
الْبَبْرَ al-babra |
بَبْرَ babra |
Genitive | بَبْرٍ babrin |
الْبَبْرِ al-babri |
بَبْرِ babri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | بَبْرَيْن babrayn |
الْبَبْرَيْن al-babrayn |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
Nominative | بَبْرَانِ babrāni |
الْبَبْرَانِ al-babrāni |
بَبْرَا babrā |
Accusative | بَبْرَيْنِ babrayni |
الْبَبْرَيْنِ al-babrayni |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
Genitive | بَبْرَيْنِ babrayni |
الْبَبْرَيْنِ al-babrayni |
بَبْرَيْ babray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | بُبُور bubūr |
الْبُبُور al-bubūr |
بُبُور bubūr |
Nominative | بُبُورٌ bubūrun |
الْبُبُورُ al-bubūru |
بُبُورُ bubūru |
Accusative | بُبُورًا bubūran |
الْبُبُورَ al-bubūra |
بُبُورَ bubūra |
Genitive | بُبُورٍ bubūrin |
الْبُبُورِ al-bubūri |
بُبُورِ bubūri |
References edit
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “ببر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[1], London: Williams & Norgate, page 147
Khalaj edit
Noun edit
بَبر (bəbr) (definite accusative بَبری, plural بَبرلَر)
Declension edit
Ottoman Turkish edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Greek πιπέρι, πιπεριά (pipéri, piperiá).
Alternative forms edit
Noun edit
ببر • (biber)
- pepper (vegetable, plant, and spice)
Derived terms edit
- صو ببری (su biberi, “water pepper”)
Descendants edit
- Turkish: biber
- → Armenian: բիբար (bibar), բիբառ (bibaṙ), բիբեր (biber), բիբեռ (bibeṙ)
- → Azerbaijani: bibər
- → Crimean Tatar: biber
- → Macedonian: бибер (biber)
- → Serbo-Croatian: бѝбер (biber)
References edit
- Kélékian, Diran (1911) “ببر”, in Dictionnaire turc-français[2], Constantinople: Mihran, page 251
- Meyer, Gustav (1893) “Türkische Studien. I. Die griechischen und romanischen Bestandtheile im Wortschatze des Osmanisch-Türkischen”, in Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften (in German), volume 128, Wien: In Commission bei F. Tempsky, page 28
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “ببر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[3], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 338
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
ببر • (bebr)
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
- From Middle Persian bpl (babr, “tiger, lion, panther”), ultimately derived from Sumerian 𒌨𒁇𒊏 (urbarra, literally “outside dog, wild predator”) likely inherited from an Old Persian form, becoming semantically specified from the more general "wild predators".
- From Middle Persian bpl (babr, “tiger”), dubiously connected to Proto-Indo-Iranian *wy(H)āgʰrás. Cognate with Sanskrit व्याघ्र (vyāghrá) and related to Old Armenian վագր (vagr) and Old Georgian ვიგრი (vigri) (both loanwords from Iranian).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [baβɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæbɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bäbɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | baḇr |
Dari reading? | babr |
Iranian reading? | babr |
Tajik reading? | babr |
Noun edit
ببر • (babr) (plural ببرها (babr-hâ) or ببران (babrân))
Dari | ببر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | бабр |
Derived terms edit
- ببر بَیان (babr-e bayân)
- ببر سیبری (babr-e sibri)
- ببر مازندران (babr-e mâzandarân)
- ببر بنگال (babr-e bengâl)
- ببر چینی (babr-e čini)
- ببر سوماترایی (babr-e sumâtrâyi)
- ببر بالی (babr-e bâli)
Descendants edit
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Persian bplk' (babrag).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ba.βaɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [bæ.bæɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [bä.bäɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | baḇar |
Dari reading? | babar |
Iranian reading? | babar |
Tajik reading? | babar |
Noun edit
ببر • (babar) (plural ببرها (babar-hâ))
References edit
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “babr”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 42