خمس

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Semitic *ḫamišum.

Numeral

خَمْس • (ḵams) m (feminine خَمْسَة (ḵamsa))

1. masculine of خَمْسَة (ḵamsa, “five”)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: xəms
• → Ottoman Turkish: خمس (ḫams)

Etymology 2

Arabic numbers ^(edit)

←  4	٥ 5	6  →
Cardinal: خَمْسَة (ḵamsa)     Ordinal: خَامِس (ḵāmis)     Multiplier: خُمَاسِيّ (ḵumāsiyy), مُخَمَّس (muḵammas)     Distributive: خُمَاسَ (ḵumāsa)     Fractional: خُمُس (ḵumus), خُمْس (ḵums)

From the root خ م س (ḵ-m-s); compare خَمْسَة (ḵamsa, “five”).

Noun

الخَمْس • (al-ḵams) m

1. (with the definite article) the five digits of the hand

Noun

خُمُس or خُمْس • (ḵumus or ḵums) m (plural أَخْمَاس (ʔaḵmās))

1. one fifth

Declension

Declension of noun خُمُس (ḵumus)‎; خُمْس (ḵums)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُمُس‎; خُمْس ḵumus‎; ḵums	الْخُمُس‎; الْخُمْس al-ḵumus‎; al-ḵums	خُمُس‎; خُمْس ḵumus‎; ḵums
Nominative	خُمُسٌ‎; خُمْسٌ ḵumusun‎; ḵumsun	الْخُمُسُ‎; الْخُمْسُ al-ḵumusu‎; al-ḵumsu	خُمُسُ‎; خُمْسُ ḵumusu‎; ḵumsu
Accusative	خُمُسًا‎; خُمْسًا ḵumusan‎; ḵumsan	الْخُمُسَ‎; الْخُمْسَ al-ḵumusa‎; al-ḵumsa	خُمُسَ‎; خُمْسَ ḵumusa‎; ḵumsa
Genitive	خُمُسٍ‎; خُمْسٍ ḵumusin‎; ḵumsin	الْخُمُسِ‎; الْخُمْسِ al-ḵumusi‎; al-ḵumsi	خُمُسِ‎; خُمْسِ ḵumusi‎; ḵumsi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	خُمُسَيْن‎; خُمْسَيْن ḵumusayn‎; ḵumsayn	الْخُمُسَيْن‎; الْخُمْسَيْن al-ḵumusayn‎; al-ḵumsayn	خُمُسَيْ‎; خُمْسَيْ ḵumusay‎; ḵumsay
Nominative	خُمُسَانِ‎; خُمْسَانِ ḵumusāni‎; ḵumsāni	الْخُمُسَانِ‎; الْخُمْسَانِ al-ḵumusāni‎; al-ḵumsāni	خُمُسَا‎; خُمْسَا ḵumusā‎; ḵumsā
Accusative	خُمُسَيْنِ‎; خُمْسَيْنِ ḵumusayni‎; ḵumsayni	الْخُمُسَيْنِ‎; الْخُمْسَيْنِ al-ḵumusayni‎; al-ḵumsayni	خُمُسَيْ‎; خُمْسَيْ ḵumusay‎; ḵumsay
Genitive	خُمُسَيْنِ‎; خُمْسَيْنِ ḵumusayni‎; ḵumsayni	الْخُمُسَيْنِ‎; الْخُمْسَيْنِ al-ḵumusayni‎; al-ḵumsayni	خُمُسَيْ‎; خُمْسَيْ ḵumusay‎; ḵumsay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَخْمَاس ʔaḵmās	الْأَخْمَاس al-ʔaḵmās	أَخْمَاس ʔaḵmās
Nominative	أَخْمَاسٌ ʔaḵmāsun	الْأَخْمَاسُ al-ʔaḵmāsu	أَخْمَاسُ ʔaḵmāsu
Accusative	أَخْمَاسًا ʔaḵmāsan	الْأَخْمَاسَ al-ʔaḵmāsa	أَخْمَاسَ ʔaḵmāsa
Genitive	أَخْمَاسٍ ʔaḵmāsin	الْأَخْمَاسِ al-ʔaḵmāsi	أَخْمَاسِ ʔaḵmāsi

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: xüms
• → Ottoman Turkish: خمس (ḫums)
• → Persian: خمس (xoms)
• → Swahili: humusi
• → Uzbek: xums

See also

• نِصْف (niṣf, “a half”), ثُلْث (ṯulṯ, “a third”), رُبْع (rubʕ, “a fourth, a quarter”), سُدْس (suds, “a sixth”), سُبْع (subʕ, “a seventh”), ثُمْن (ṯumn, “an eighth”), تُسْع (tusʕ, “a ninth”), عُشْر (ʕušr, “a tenth”)

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology 1

Moroccan Arabic numbers ^(edit)

←  4	5	6  →
Cardinal: خمسة     Ordinal: خامس     Fractional: خمس

From Arabic خُمُس (ḵumus).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xu.mus/

Noun

خمس • (ḵumus) m (dual خمسين (ḵumsayn), plural خماس (ḵmās))

1. fifth (fraction)

Etymology 2

From Arabic خَمْس (ḵams), feminine of خَمْسَة (ḵamsa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xams/

Numeral

خمس • (ḵams) m or f

1. attributive form of خمسة (ḵamsa)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic خَمْس (ḵams).

Numeral

خمس • (ḫams)

1. feminine of خمسه (ḫamse, “five”)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic خِمْس (ḵims).

Noun

خمس • (ḫıms)

1. a space of five days

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Arabic خُمْس (ḵums).

Noun

خمس • (ḫums) (plural اخماس)

1. a fifth part, a fifth; especially, the sovereign's canonical share of one fifth of prizes of war

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Arabic الْخُمْس (al-ḵums).

Noun

خمس • (ḫums)

1. name of a town and district in the province of Tripoli in Africa

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “خمس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 864

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic خُمْس (ḵums).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [xums]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊms]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [xʊms]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [xʊms]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [xums]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [xoms]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [χums]

Readings
Classical reading?	xums
Dari reading?	xums
Iranian reading?	xoms
Tajik reading?	xums

Noun

Dari	خمس
Iranian Persian
Tajik	хумс

خمس • (xoms)

1. fifth (one of five equal parts of a whole)
2. (Islam) khums

Related terms

• خمسه (xamse)

Further reading

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “خمس”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology 1

South Levantine Arabic numbers ^(edit)

←  4	٥ 5	6  →
Cardinal: خمسة     Ordinal: خامس     Fractional: خمس

From Arabic خُمُس (ḵumus).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xums/, [xʊms]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

Noun

خمس • (ḵums) m (plural خماس (ḵmās) or أخماس (ʾaḵmās))

1. fifth (fraction)

Etymology 2

From Arabic خَمْس (ḵams), feminine of خَمْسَة (ḵamsa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xams/, [xams]

Numeral

خمس • (ḵams)

1. construct state of خمسة (ḵamse)