طور
See also: طوز
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ط و ر (ṭ-w-r) |
Pronunciation 1 edit
Noun edit
طَوْر • (ṭawr) m (plural أَطْوَار (ʔaṭwār))
- (uncountable) verbal noun of طَارَ (ṭāra) (form I)
- time, stage, phase, stadium
- 2018 July 18, “ar: الرئيس عون يؤكد ضرورة التواصل الرسمي بين لبنان و سوريا”, in Muraselon[1]:
- وَأَشَارَ إِلَى أَنَّهُ “مُذْ أَقْفَلَ ٱلْمَعْبَرَ وَأُقْفِلَتْ مَعَهُ ٱلْمَعَابِرُ ٱلشَّرْقِيَّةُ لِسُورِيَا ٱلْمُوصِلَةُ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلْعَرَبِيِّ، أُعْطِبَتْ ذَهَابًا وَإِيَابًا حَرَكَةُ ٱلتَّبَادُلِ ٱلتِّجَارِيِّ ٱلَّتِي سَنَكُونُ ٱلْآنَ فِي طَوْرِ إِعَادَةِ إِحْيَائِهَا مِنَ ٱلْأَرَاضِي ٱللُّبْنَانِيَّةِ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلسُّورِيِّ، وَمِنْهُ إِلَى ٱلدَّاخِلِ ٱلْأُرْدُنِيِّ مِنْ خِلَالِ ٱلْمَعْبَرِ ٱلْمُسْتَعَادِ إِلَى ٱلدَّوْلَةِ ٱلسُّورِيَّةِ، لِلْاِنْتِقَالِ إِلَى ٱلْعِرَاقِ وَدُوَلِ ٱلْخَلِيجِ (ٱلْفَارِسِيِّ)”.
- waʔašāra ʔilā ʔannahu “muḏ ʔaqfala l-maʕbara waʔuqfilat maʕahu l-maʕābiru š-šarqiyyatu lisūriyā l-mūṣilatu ʔilā d-dāḵili l-ʕarabiyyi, ʔuʕṭibat ḏahāban waʔiyāban ḥarakatu t-tabāduli t-tijāriyyi llatī sanakūnu l-ʔāna fī ṭawri ʔiʕādati ʔiḥyāʔihā mina l-ʔarāḍī l-lubnāniyyati ʔilā d-dāḵili s-sūriyyi, waminhu ʔilā d-dāḵili l-ʔurduniyyi min ḵilāli l-maʕbari l-mustaʕādi ʔilā d-dawlati s-sūriyyati, lilintiqāli ʔilā l-ʕirāqi waduwali l-ḵalīji (l-fārisiyyi)”.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension edit
Declension of noun طَوْر (ṭawr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | طَوْر ṭawr |
الطَّوْر aṭ-ṭawr |
طَوْر ṭawr |
Nominative | طَوْرٌ ṭawrun |
الطَّوْرُ aṭ-ṭawru |
طَوْرُ ṭawru |
Accusative | طَوْرًا ṭawran |
الطَّوْرَ aṭ-ṭawra |
طَوْرَ ṭawra |
Genitive | طَوْرٍ ṭawrin |
الطَّوْرِ aṭ-ṭawri |
طَوْرِ ṭawri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | طَوْرَيْن ṭawrayn |
الطَّوْرَيْن aṭ-ṭawrayn |
طَوْرَيْ ṭawray |
Nominative | طَوْرَانِ ṭawrāni |
الطَّوْرَانِ aṭ-ṭawrāni |
طَوْرَا ṭawrā |
Accusative | طَوْرَيْنِ ṭawrayni |
الطَّوْرَيْنِ aṭ-ṭawrayni |
طَوْرَيْ ṭawray |
Genitive | طَوْرَيْنِ ṭawrayni |
الطَّوْرَيْنِ aṭ-ṭawrayni |
طَوْرَيْ ṭawray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَطْوَار ʔaṭwār |
الْأَطْوَار al-ʔaṭwār |
أَطْوَار ʔaṭwār |
Nominative | أَطْوَارٌ ʔaṭwārun |
الْأَطْوَارُ al-ʔaṭwāru |
أَطْوَارُ ʔaṭwāru |
Accusative | أَطْوَارًا ʔaṭwāran |
الْأَطْوَارَ al-ʔaṭwāra |
أَطْوَارَ ʔaṭwāra |
Genitive | أَطْوَارٍ ʔaṭwārin |
الْأَطْوَارِ al-ʔaṭwāri |
أَطْوَارِ ʔaṭwāri |
Descendants edit
- → Azerbaijani: tövr
- → Chagatai: طور
- Uzbek: tavr
- → Ottoman Turkish: طور (tavr)
- → Kazakh: тәуір (täuır)
- → Persian: طور (towr)
Pronunciation 2 edit
Verb edit
طَوَّرَ • (ṭawwara) II, non-past يُطَوِّرُ (yuṭawwiru)
- to further, to bring forward, to develop
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
طَوَّرَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taṭwīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muṭawwir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muṭawwar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṭawwartu |
ṭawwarta |
طَوَّرَ ṭawwara |
ṭawwartumā |
ṭawwarā |
ṭawwarnā |
ṭawwartum |
ṭawwarū | |||
f | ṭawwarti |
ṭawwarat |
ṭawwaratā |
ṭawwartunna |
ṭawwarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuṭawwiru |
tuṭawwiru |
yuṭawwiru |
tuṭawwirāni |
yuṭawwirāni |
nuṭawwiru |
tuṭawwirūna |
yuṭawwirūna | |||
f | tuṭawwirīna |
tuṭawwiru |
tuṭawwirāni |
tuṭawwirna |
yuṭawwirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuṭawwira |
tuṭawwira |
yuṭawwira |
tuṭawwirā |
yuṭawwirā |
nuṭawwira |
tuṭawwirū |
yuṭawwirū | |||
f | tuṭawwirī |
tuṭawwira |
tuṭawwirā |
tuṭawwirna |
yuṭawwirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuṭawwir |
tuṭawwir |
yuṭawwir |
tuṭawwirā |
yuṭawwirā |
nuṭawwir |
tuṭawwirū |
yuṭawwirū | |||
f | tuṭawwirī |
tuṭawwir |
tuṭawwirā |
tuṭawwirna |
yuṭawwirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | طَوِّرْ ṭawwir |
ṭawwirā |
ṭawwirū |
||||||||
f | ṭawwirī |
ṭawwirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ṭuwwirtu |
ṭuwwirta |
طُوِّرَ ṭuwwira |
ṭuwwirtumā |
ṭuwwirā |
ṭuwwirnā |
ṭuwwirtum |
ṭuwwirū | |||
f | ṭuwwirti |
ṭuwwirat |
ṭuwwiratā |
ṭuwwirtunna |
ṭuwwirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuṭawwaru |
tuṭawwaru |
yuṭawwaru |
tuṭawwarāni |
yuṭawwarāni |
nuṭawwaru |
tuṭawwarūna |
yuṭawwarūna | |||
f | tuṭawwarīna |
tuṭawwaru |
tuṭawwarāni |
tuṭawwarna |
yuṭawwarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuṭawwara |
tuṭawwara |
yuṭawwara |
tuṭawwarā |
yuṭawwarā |
nuṭawwara |
tuṭawwarū |
yuṭawwarū | |||
f | tuṭawwarī |
tuṭawwara |
tuṭawwarā |
tuṭawwarna |
yuṭawwarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuṭawwar |
tuṭawwar |
yuṭawwar |
tuṭawwarā |
yuṭawwarā |
nuṭawwar |
tuṭawwarū |
yuṭawwarū | |||
f | tuṭawwarī |
tuṭawwar |
tuṭawwarā |
tuṭawwarna |
yuṭawwarna |
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Aramaic טוּרָא / ܛܘܪܐ (ṭūrā, “mountain, high territory”).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
طُور • (ṭūr) m (plural أَطْوَار (ʔaṭwār))
Declension edit
Declension of noun طُور (ṭūr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | طُور ṭūr |
الطُّور aṭ-ṭūr |
طُور ṭūr |
Nominative | طُورٌ ṭūrun |
الطُّورُ aṭ-ṭūru |
طُورُ ṭūru |
Accusative | طُورًا ṭūran |
الطُّورَ aṭ-ṭūra |
طُورَ ṭūra |
Genitive | طُورٍ ṭūrin |
الطُّورِ aṭ-ṭūri |
طُورِ ṭūri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | طُورَيْن ṭūrayn |
الطُّورَيْن aṭ-ṭūrayn |
طُورَيْ ṭūray |
Nominative | طُورَانِ ṭūrāni |
الطُّورَانِ aṭ-ṭūrāni |
طُورَا ṭūrā |
Accusative | طُورَيْنِ ṭūrayni |
الطُّورَيْنِ aṭ-ṭūrayni |
طُورَيْ ṭūray |
Genitive | طُورَيْنِ ṭūrayni |
الطُّورَيْنِ aṭ-ṭūrayni |
طُورَيْ ṭūray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَطْوَار ʔaṭwār |
الْأَطْوَار al-ʔaṭwār |
أَطْوَار ʔaṭwār |
Nominative | أَطْوَارٌ ʔaṭwārun |
الْأَطْوَارُ al-ʔaṭwāru |
أَطْوَارُ ʔaṭwāru |
Accusative | أَطْوَارًا ʔaṭwāran |
الْأَطْوَارَ al-ʔaṭwāra |
أَطْوَارَ ʔaṭwāra |
Genitive | أَطْوَارٍ ʔaṭwārin |
الْأَطْوَارِ al-ʔaṭwāri |
أَطْوَارِ ʔaṭwāri |
Derived terms edit
- طُورِيّ (ṭūriyy, “wild”)
References edit
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 206–207
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Arabic طَوْر (ṭawr).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [tawɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰowɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰäwɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | tawr |
Dari reading? | tōr, tawr |
Iranian reading? | towr |
Tajik reading? | tavr |
Noun edit
Dari | طور |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | тавр |
طور • (towr)
Derived terms edit
Descendants edit
- → Hindustani:
- → Punjabi:
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Arabic طُور (ṭūr).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [tuːɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰuːɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰuɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | tūr |
Dari reading? | tūr |
Iranian reading? | tur |
Tajik reading? | tur |
Proper noun edit
طور • (tur)
- Short for طور سینا (tur-e sinâe, “Mount Sinai”).
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume VI, verse 2444:
- باز با خود آمدم زان انتشار، باز دیدم طور و موسی برقرار.
- bâz bâ xod âmadam z-ân entešâr, bâz didam tur o musâ barqarâr.
- After that scattering [of my senses], I came to myself again and saw that Sinai and Moses were unchanged.
- 1732—1733, Lāla Amānat Rāy, “جلوه ذات [Jelve-ye Zât]”, in Stefano Pellò, transl., Black Curls in a Mirror: The Eighteenth-Century Persian Kṛṣṇa of Lāla Amānat Rāy’s Jilwa-yi ẕāt and the Tongue of Bīdil, International Journal of Hindu Studies (2018) 22:
- شبی چون زلف خوبان مطلع نور تجلی بخش شمع روشن طور
- šab-i čon zolf-e xubân matla'-e nur tajalli-baxše-ye šam'-e rowšan-e tur
- A night resembling the curls of the beauties, an opening verse of light, offering the epiphany of the bright candle of Mount Sinai.
South Levantine Arabic edit
Root |
---|
ط و ر |
1 term |
Etymology edit
From Arabic طَوَّرَ (ṭawwara).
Pronunciation edit
Verb edit
طوّر • (ṭawwar) II (present بطوّر (biṭawwer))
- (transitive) to develop
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of طوّر (ṭawwar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | طوّرت (ṭawwart) | طوّرت (ṭawwart) | طوّر (ṭawwar) | طوّرنا (ṭawwarna) | طوّرتو (ṭawwartu) | طوّرو (ṭawwaru) | |
f | طوّرتي (ṭawwarti) | طوّرت (ṭawwarat) | ||||||
present | m | بطوّر (baṭawwer) | بتطوّر (bitṭawwer) | بطوّر (biṭawwer) | منطوّر (minṭawwer) | بتطوّرو (bitṭawwru) | بطوّرو (biṭawwru) | |
f | بتطوّري (bitṭawwri) | بتطوّر (bitṭawwer) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اطوّر (aṭawwer) | تطوّر (tṭawwer) | يطوّر (yṭawwer) | نطوّر (nṭawwer) | تطوّرو (tṭawwru) | يطوّرو (yṭawwru) | |
f | تطوّري (tṭawwri) | تطوّر (tṭawwer) | ||||||
imperative | m | طوّر (ṭawwer) | طوّرو (ṭawwru) | |||||
f | طوّري (ṭawwri) |
Urdu edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Arabic طُور (ṭūr).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /t̪uːɾ/
Noun edit
طور • (tūr) m (Hindi spelling तूर)
Declension edit
Declension of طور | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | طور (tūr) | طور (tūr) |
oblique | طور (tūr) | طوروں (tūrō̃) |
vocative | طور (tūr) | طورو (tūrō) |
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Classical Persian طَور (tawr, “manner, style”), from Arabic طَوْر (ṭawr).
Pronunciation edit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /t̪ɔːɾ/
Noun edit
طور • (taur) m (formal plural اطوار, Hindi spelling तौर)
Declension edit
Declension of طور | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | طور (taur) | طور (taur) |
oblique | طور (taur) | طوروں (taurō̃) |
vocative | طور (taur) | طورو (taurō) |