غم
See also: عم
Arabic
editEtymology 1.1
editRoot |
---|
غ م م (ḡ m m) |
12 terms |
Pronunciation
editVerb
editغَمَّ • (ḡamma) I (non-past يَغُمُّ (yaḡummu), verbal noun غَمّ (ḡamm))
- to cover, to veil, to shroud
- (passive voice) to be obscure, to be unapparent
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 13:6:
- فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَاقْدِرُوا ثَلَاثِينَ
- faʔin ḡumma ʕalaykum fāqdirū ṯalāṯīna
- If [the sky] is masked for you [by clouds], then calculate thirty days [for the month of Ramaḍān.
- to fill with grief, to grief, to chagrin
Conjugation
edit Conjugation of غَمَّ (I, geminate, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal noun غَمّ)
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
غَمّ ḡamm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
غَامّ ḡāmm | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَغْمُوم maḡmūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | غَمَمْتُ ḡamamtu |
غَمَمْتَ ḡamamta |
غَمَّ ḡamma |
غَمَمْتُمَا ḡamamtumā |
غَمَّا ḡammā |
غَمَمْنَا ḡamamnā |
غَمَمْتُمْ ḡamamtum |
غَمُّوا ḡammū | |||
f | غَمَمْتِ ḡamamti |
غَمَّتْ ḡammat |
غَمَّتَا ḡammatā |
غَمَمْتُنَّ ḡamamtunna |
غَمَمْنَ ḡamamna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَغُمُّ ʔaḡummu |
تَغُمُّ taḡummu |
يَغُمُّ yaḡummu |
تَغُمَّانِ taḡummāni |
يَغُمَّانِ yaḡummāni |
نَغُمُّ naḡummu |
تَغُمُّونَ taḡummūna |
يَغُمُّونَ yaḡummūna | |||
f | تَغُمِّينَ taḡummīna |
تَغُمُّ taḡummu |
تَغُمَّانِ taḡummāni |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَغُمَّ ʔaḡumma |
تَغُمَّ taḡumma |
يَغُمَّ yaḡumma |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
يَغُمَّا yaḡummā |
نَغُمَّ naḡumma |
تَغُمُّوا taḡummū |
يَغُمُّوا yaḡummū | |||
f | تَغُمِّي taḡummī |
تَغُمَّ taḡumma |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَغُمَّ, أَغُمِّ, أَغْمُمْ ʔaḡumma, ʔaḡummi, ʔaḡmum |
تَغُمَّ, تَغُمِّ, تَغْمُمْ taḡumma, taḡummi, taḡmum |
يَغُمَّ, يَغُمِّ, يَغْمُمْ yaḡumma, yaḡummi, yaḡmum |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
يَغُمَّا yaḡummā |
نَغُمَّ, نَغُمِّ, نَغْمُمْ naḡumma, naḡummi, naḡmum |
تَغُمُّوا taḡummū |
يَغُمُّوا yaḡummū | |||
f | تَغُمِّي taḡummī |
تَغُمَّ, تَغُمِّ, تَغْمُمْ taḡumma, taḡummi, taḡmum |
تَغُمَّا taḡummā |
تَغْمُمْنَ taḡmumna |
يَغْمُمْنَ yaḡmumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | غُمَّ, غُمِّ, اُغْمُمْ ḡumma, ḡummi, uḡmum |
غُمَّا ḡummā |
غُمُّوا ḡummū |
||||||||
f | غُمِّي ḡummī |
اُغْمُمْنَ uḡmumna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | غُمِمْتُ ḡumimtu |
غُمِمْتَ ḡumimta |
غُمَّ ḡumma |
غُمِمْتُمَا ḡumimtumā |
غُمَّا ḡummā |
غُمِمْنَا ḡumimnā |
غُمِمْتُمْ ḡumimtum |
غُمُّوا ḡummū | |||
f | غُمِمْتِ ḡumimti |
غُمَّتْ ḡummat |
غُمَّتَا ḡummatā |
غُمِمْتُنَّ ḡumimtunna |
غُمِمْنَ ḡumimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُغَمُّ ʔuḡammu |
تُغَمُّ tuḡammu |
يُغَمُّ yuḡammu |
تُغَمَّانِ tuḡammāni |
يُغَمَّانِ yuḡammāni |
نُغَمُّ nuḡammu |
تُغَمُّونَ tuḡammūna |
يُغَمُّونَ yuḡammūna | |||
f | تُغَمِّينَ tuḡammīna |
تُغَمُّ tuḡammu |
تُغَمَّانِ tuḡammāni |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُغَمَّ ʔuḡamma |
تُغَمَّ tuḡamma |
يُغَمَّ yuḡamma |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
يُغَمَّا yuḡammā |
نُغَمَّ nuḡamma |
تُغَمُّوا tuḡammū |
يُغَمُّوا yuḡammū | |||
f | تُغَمِّي tuḡammī |
تُغَمَّ tuḡamma |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُغَمَّ, أُغَمِّ, أُغْمَمْ ʔuḡamma, ʔuḡammi, ʔuḡmam |
تُغَمَّ, تُغَمِّ, تُغْمَمْ tuḡamma, tuḡammi, tuḡmam |
يُغَمَّ, يُغَمِّ, يُغْمَمْ yuḡamma, yuḡammi, yuḡmam |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
يُغَمَّا yuḡammā |
نُغَمَّ, نُغَمِّ, نُغْمَمْ nuḡamma, nuḡammi, nuḡmam |
تُغَمُّوا tuḡammū |
يُغَمُّوا yuḡammū | |||
f | تُغَمِّي tuḡammī |
تُغَمَّ, تُغَمِّ, تُغْمَمْ tuḡamma, tuḡammi, tuḡmam |
تُغَمَّا tuḡammā |
تُغْمَمْنَ tuḡmamna |
يُغْمَمْنَ yuḡmamna |
Etymology 1.2
editPronunciation
editNoun
editغَمّ • (ḡamm) m (plural غُمُوم (ḡumūm))
- grief, sorrow, chagrin
- 7th century CE, Jamīʿ at-Tirmiḏiyy, section 37:
- وَتَدْنُو الشَّمْسُ، فَيَبْلُغُ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَالْكَرْبِ مَا لَا يُطِيقُونَ وَلَا يَحْتَمِلُونَ
- wa-tadnū š-šamsu, fa-yabluḡu n-nāsa mina al-ḡammi wa-l-karbi mā lā yuṭīqūna wa-lā yaḥtamilūna
- The sun will come so close to the people that they will suffer such distress and trouble as they will not be able to bear or stand.
Declension
editDeclension of noun غَمّ (ḡamm)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غَمّ ḡamm |
الْغَمّ al-ḡamm |
غَمّ ḡamm |
Nominative | غَمٌّ ḡammun |
الْغَمُّ al-ḡammu |
غَمُّ ḡammu |
Accusative | غَمًّا ḡamman |
الْغَمَّ al-ḡamma |
غَمَّ ḡamma |
Genitive | غَمٍّ ḡammin |
الْغَمِّ al-ḡammi |
غَمِّ ḡammi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | غَمَّيْن ḡammayn |
الْغَمَّيْن al-ḡammayn |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Nominative | غَمَّانِ ḡammāni |
الْغَمَّانِ al-ḡammāni |
غَمَّا ḡammā |
Accusative | غَمَّيْنِ ḡammayni |
الْغَمَّيْنِ al-ḡammayni |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Genitive | غَمَّيْنِ ḡammayni |
الْغَمَّيْنِ al-ḡammayni |
غَمَّيْ ḡammay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | غُمُوم ḡumūm |
الْغُمُوم al-ḡumūm |
غُمُوم ḡumūm |
Nominative | غُمُومٌ ḡumūmun |
الْغُمُومُ al-ḡumūmu |
غُمُومُ ḡumūmu |
Accusative | غُمُومًا ḡumūman |
الْغُمُومَ al-ḡumūma |
غُمُومَ ḡumūma |
Genitive | غُمُومٍ ḡumūmin |
الْغُمُومِ al-ḡumūmi |
غُمُومِ ḡumūmi |
Descendants
edit- → Azerbaijani: qəm
- → Catalan: gamar-se
- → Pashto: غَم (ǧam)
- → Classical Persian: غَم (ğam)
- → Northern Kurdish: xem
- → Swahili: ghamu
- → Tatar: гамь (ğam’), ğäm
- → Turkmen: gam
- → Uyghur: غەم (ghem)
- → Uzbek: gʻam
References
edit- Freytag, Georg (1835) “غم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 292–293
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “غم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2289
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “غم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 926
Pashto
editEtymology
editPronunciation
editNoun
editغم • (ǧam) m
Derived terms
edit- غمجن (ǧamjan)
Persian
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Arabic غَمّ (ḡamm).
Pronunciation
edit- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ɣam]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [qæm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʁäm]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ğam |
Dari reading? | ğam |
Iranian reading? | ğam |
Tajik reading? | ġam |
Noun
editغم • (ğam)
Derived terms
editUrdu
editEtymology
editBorrowed from Classical Persian غم (ğam), from Arabic غَمّ (ḡamm).
Pronunciation
editNoun
editغم • (ġam) m (Hindi spelling ग़म)
- grief, sorrow
- اُس کی موت پر گہرا غم منایا گیا۔
- uskī maut par gahrā ġam manāyā gayā.
- His death was deeply mourned.
Synonyms
edit- دکھ (dukkh)
Derived terms
edit- غمگین (ġamgīn)
Categories:
- Arabic terms belonging to the root غ م م
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic terms with quotations
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic geminate form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel u
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- ar:Emotions
- Pashto terms derived from Arabic
- Pashto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Pashto lemmas
- Pashto nouns
- Pashto masculine nouns
- ps:Emotions
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Emotions
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Urdu/əm
- Rhymes:Urdu/əm/1 syllable
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- Urdu terms with usage examples
- ur:Emotions