Wiktionary

فرمان

Old Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَرْمَان (farmān). Compare Old Punjabi ਫੁਰਮਾਣੁ (phuramāṇu).

Noun edit

فَرْمان (farmān) m (Middle Hindi)

  1. decree, order
    • 1564, حَسَن شَوقِی (hasan śauqī), مِعْراج اُلْعَاشِقِین (mi'rāj ul'āśiqīn), page 82:
      نِظامِیَاں کوں فَرْمان یُوں لیکھ توں
      جِیتے قاعِدے ہِندوی سِیکھ توں
      nizāmiyā̃ kõ farmān yū̃ lekh tõ
      jīte qā'ide hindvī sīkh tõ
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

  • “فرمان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.

Ottoman Turkish edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Persian فرمان (farmân, “decree, order”), from Middle Persian 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /⁠framān⁠/, “order, command”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pramaHnam.

Noun edit

فرمان • (ferman)

  1. command, order, an action or inaction that must be obeyed, mandated by someone in authority
    Synonyms: امر (emr, emir), بیورق (buyuruk)
  2. firman, a decree issued by a sovereign in certain historical Islamic states, like the Ottoman Empire

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Further reading edit

Persian edit

 
Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plmʾn'), 𐫜𐫡𐫖𐫀𐫗 (frmʾn /⁠framān⁠/, “order, command”), from Old Persian 𐎳𐎼𐎶𐎠𐎴𐎠 (framānā, “command”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pramaHnam. Cognate with Gurani ھەرمانە (harmāna, “work”) and Iranian loanwords Old Armenian հրաման (hraman), Aramaic הַרְמָן (hrmnʾ, “order”).

Cognate with Sanskrit प्रमाण (pramāṇa).

Pronunciation edit

 

Readings
Classical reading? farmān
Dari reading? farmān
Iranian reading? farmân
Tajik reading? farmon

Noun edit

فرمان • (farmân) (plural فرامین (farâmin) or فرمان‌ها (farmân-hâ))

Dari فرمان
Iranian Persian
Tajik фармон
  1. command, order
  2. decree, edict
  3. steering wheel

Synonyms edit

Derived terms edit

Related terms edit

Descendants edit

References edit

Punjabi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَرْمَان (farmān). First attested in c. 1600 as Old Punjabi ਫੁਰਮਾਣੁ (phuramāṇu).

Noun edit

فَرْمان • (farmān) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਫ਼ਰਮਾਨ)

  1. order, command, edict
  2. (historical) firman (royal decree)

Declension edit

Declension of فرمان
dir. sg. فَرْمان (farmān)
dir. pl. فَرْمان (farmān)
singular plural
direct فَرْمان (farmān) فَرْمان (farmān)
oblique فَرْمان (farmān) فَرْماناں (farmānāṉ)
vocative فَرْمانا (farmānā) فَرْمانو (farmāno)
ablative فَرْمانوں (farmānoṉ) —
locative فَرْمانے (farmāne) فَرْمانِیں (farmānīṉ)
instrumental فَرْمانے (farmāne) فَرْمانِیں (farmānīṉ)

Further reading edit

  • “ਫਰਮਾਨ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “فرمان”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz

Urdu edit

 
Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ur
 
فَرْمان (farmān, “royal mandate”)

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Classical Persian فَرْمَان (farmān). First attested in c. 1564 as Middle Hindi فَرْمان (farmān).

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

فَرْمان • (farmān) m (Hindi spelling फ़रमान)

  1. a command (by any individual)
  2. (historical) decree; mandate (especially a royal or an official one)

Declension edit

Declension of فرمان
singular plural
direct فَرْمان (farmān) فَرْمان (farmān)
oblique فَرْمان (farmān) فَرْمانوں (farmānō̃)
vocative فَرْمان (farmān) فَرْمانو (farmānō)

Related terms edit

Related terms

Adjective edit

فَرْمان • (farmān) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling फ़रमान) (poetic)

  1. obedient, servant
    مَیں قائِد کا فَرْمان۔ دِل سِینے میں قُرْآن
    ma͠i qāid kā farmān. dil sīne mẽ qur-ān
    I am servant of my leader, with the word of God lying against my heart; chest.

Further reading edit

  • “فرمان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “فرمان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “فرمان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 453
  • S. W. Fallon (1879) “فرمان”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co., page 870
  • Platts, John T. (1884) “فرمان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 779
  • John Shakespear (1834) “فرمان”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC, page 1258
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