كوس

See also: کوس, گوش, and كوش

Arabic

Etymology 1

From Persian کوس (kôs).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kuːs/

Noun

كُوس • (kūs) m (plural كُوسَات (kūsāt))

1. equilateral triangle for measuring
2. (archaic) timbrel, small drum, or a kind thereof

Declension

Declension of noun كُوس (kūs)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُوس kūs	الْكُوس al-kūs	كُوس kūs
Nominative	كُوسٌ kūsun	الْكُوسُ al-kūsu	كُوسُ kūsu
Accusative	كُوسًا kūsan	الْكُوسَ al-kūsa	كُوسَ kūsa
Genitive	كُوسٍ kūsin	الْكُوسِ al-kūsi	كُوسِ kūsi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُوسَيْن kūsayn	الْكُوسَيْن al-kūsayn	كُوسَيْ kūsay
Nominative	كُوسَانِ kūsāni	الْكُوسَانِ al-kūsāni	كُوسَا kūsā
Accusative	كُوسَيْنِ kūsayni	الْكُوسَيْنِ al-kūsayni	كُوسَيْ kūsay
Genitive	كُوسَيْنِ kūsayni	الْكُوسَيْنِ al-kūsayni	كُوسَيْ kūsay
Plural	sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُوسَات kūsāt	الْكُوسَات al-kūsāt	كُوسَات kūsāt
Nominative	كُوسَاتٌ kūsātun	الْكُوسَاتُ al-kūsātu	كُوسَاتُ kūsātu
Accusative	كُوسَاتٍ kūsātin	الْكُوسَاتِ al-kūsāti	كُوسَاتِ kūsāti
Genitive	كُوسَاتٍ kūsātin	الْكُوسَاتِ al-kūsāti	كُوسَاتِ kūsāti

Etymology 2

A borrowing from likely, as it is transmitted for some of the wind terms, the dialect of the Banū Huḏayl, belonging originally to the vocabulary of those who voyage upon the sea between Jidda and ʿAdan; possibly related to the idea of stooping, throwing head over heels in the verbs كَاسَ (kāsa), كَوَّسَ (kawwasa), likely from كَأْس (kaʔs, “stoop, beaker”), as a heavy wind topples a vessel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaws/

Noun

كَوْس • (kaws) m (Yemen, Oman, Al-Fujaira, uncountable)

1. the headwind of a vessel on the sea
2. particularly, the south-west wind, رِيح الكَوْس (rīḥ al-kaws), or مَوْسِم الكَوْس (mawsim al-kaws) meaning the south-west monsoon wind; the west wind being called رِيح الدَبُور (rīḥ al-dabūr), the south wind رِيح الْجَنُوب (rīḥ al-janūb), the north-east wind رِيح الأَزْيَب (rīḥ al-ʔazyab), or رِيح الصَبَا (rīḥ al-ṣabā)
   • 2011 July 6, “الأمواج العاتية تضرب سواحل كلباء والفجيرة”, in Al-Bayān‎^[1]:

     نجا المواطن (ح، ع) من منطقة رول دبا من الموت وذلك أثناء ممارسته هواية السباحة في تمام الساعة الرابعة قبالة شاطئ منطقة العقة برفقة أصدقائه، ونتيجة ارتفاع الموج مع بداية موسم الكوس الذي شهد بالأمس ارتفاعا كبيرا في مستويات موج البحر والتيارات البحرية، ما أدى إلى أن يجرفه ويذهب به إلى مكان أعمق، حيث تعرض إلى إصابات متفاوتة في أجزاء جسده جراء ذلك بعد أن قام رفاقه بإنقاذه وإسعافه، ليتم نقله على الفور إلى مستشفى دبا الفجيرة.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

Declension of noun كَوْس (kaws)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَوْس kaws	الْكَوْس al-kaws	كَوْس kaws
Nominative	كَوْسٌ kawsun	الْكَوْسُ al-kawsu	كَوْسُ kawsu
Accusative	كَوْسًا kawsan	الْكَوْسَ al-kawsa	كَوْسَ kawsa
Genitive	كَوْسٍ kawsin	الْكَوْسِ al-kawsi	كَوْسِ kawsi

Etymology 3

Root
ك و س (k-w-s)

Pronunciation 1

• IPA^(key): /kaws/

Noun

كَوْس • (kaws) m

1. verbal noun of كَاسَ (kāsa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun كَوَّسَ (kawwasa)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَوَّسَ kawwasa	الْكَوَّسَ al-kawwasa	كَوَّسَ kawwasa
Nominative	كَوَّسٌَ kawwasaun	الْكَوَّسَُ al-kawwasau	كَوَّسَُ kawwasau
Accusative	كَوَّسًَا kawwasaan	الْكَوَّسََ al-kawwasaa	كَوَّسََ kawwasaa
Genitive	كَوَّسٍَ kawwasain	الْكَوَّسَِ al-kawwasai	كَوَّسَِ kawwasai

Pronunciation 2

• IPA^(key): /kaws/

Verb

كَوَّسَ • (kawwasa) II, non-past يُكَوِّسُ‎ (yukawwisu)

1. to prostrate, to cut down the standing firmly of, to throw head over heels, to make lie inverse

Conjugation

Conjugation of

كَوَّسَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَكْوِيس takwīs
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُكَوِّس mukawwis
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُكَوَّس mukawwas
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَوَّسْتُ kawwastu	كَوَّسْتَ kawwasta	كَوَّسَ kawwasa		كَوَّسْتُمَا kawwastumā	كَوَّسَا kawwasā		كَوَّسْنَا kawwasnā	كَوَّسْتُمْ kawwastum	كَوَّسُوا kawwasū
	f		كَوَّسْتِ kawwasti	كَوَّسَتْ kawwasat			كَوَّسَتَا kawwasatā			كَوَّسْتُنَّ kawwastunna	كَوَّسْنَ kawwasna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوِّسُ ʔukawwisu	تُكَوِّسُ tukawwisu	يُكَوِّسُ yukawwisu		تُكَوِّسَانِ tukawwisāni	يُكَوِّسَانِ yukawwisāni		نُكَوِّسُ nukawwisu	تُكَوِّسُونَ tukawwisūna	يُكَوِّسُونَ yukawwisūna
	f		تُكَوِّسِينَ tukawwisīna	تُكَوِّسُ tukawwisu			تُكَوِّسَانِ tukawwisāni			تُكَوِّسْنَ tukawwisna	يُكَوِّسْنَ yukawwisna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوِّسَ ʔukawwisa	تُكَوِّسَ tukawwisa	يُكَوِّسَ yukawwisa		تُكَوِّسَا tukawwisā	يُكَوِّسَا yukawwisā		نُكَوِّسَ nukawwisa	تُكَوِّسُوا tukawwisū	يُكَوِّسُوا yukawwisū
	f		تُكَوِّسِي tukawwisī	تُكَوِّسَ tukawwisa			تُكَوِّسَا tukawwisā			تُكَوِّسْنَ tukawwisna	يُكَوِّسْنَ yukawwisna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوِّسْ ʔukawwis	تُكَوِّسْ tukawwis	يُكَوِّسْ yukawwis		تُكَوِّسَا tukawwisā	يُكَوِّسَا yukawwisā		نُكَوِّسْ nukawwis	تُكَوِّسُوا tukawwisū	يُكَوِّسُوا yukawwisū
	f		تُكَوِّسِي tukawwisī	تُكَوِّسْ tukawwis			تُكَوِّسَا tukawwisā			تُكَوِّسْنَ tukawwisna	يُكَوِّسْنَ yukawwisna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		كَوِّسْ kawwis			كَوِّسَا kawwisā				كَوِّسُوا kawwisū
	f		كَوِّسِي kawwisī							كَوِّسْنَ kawwisna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُوِّسْتُ kuwwistu	كُوِّسْتَ kuwwista	كُوِّسَ kuwwisa		كُوِّسْتُمَا kuwwistumā	كُوِّسَا kuwwisā		كُوِّسْنَا kuwwisnā	كُوِّسْتُمْ kuwwistum	كُوِّسُوا kuwwisū
	f		كُوِّسْتِ kuwwisti	كُوِّسَتْ kuwwisat			كُوِّسَتَا kuwwisatā			كُوِّسْتُنَّ kuwwistunna	كُوِّسْنَ kuwwisna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوَّسُ ʔukawwasu	تُكَوَّسُ tukawwasu	يُكَوَّسُ yukawwasu		تُكَوَّسَانِ tukawwasāni	يُكَوَّسَانِ yukawwasāni		نُكَوَّسُ nukawwasu	تُكَوَّسُونَ tukawwasūna	يُكَوَّسُونَ yukawwasūna
	f		تُكَوَّسِينَ tukawwasīna	تُكَوَّسُ tukawwasu			تُكَوَّسَانِ tukawwasāni			تُكَوَّسْنَ tukawwasna	يُكَوَّسْنَ yukawwasna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوَّسَ ʔukawwasa	تُكَوَّسَ tukawwasa	يُكَوَّسَ yukawwasa		تُكَوَّسَا tukawwasā	يُكَوَّسَا yukawwasā		نُكَوَّسَ nukawwasa	تُكَوَّسُوا tukawwasū	يُكَوَّسُوا yukawwasū
	f		تُكَوَّسِي tukawwasī	تُكَوَّسَ tukawwasa			تُكَوَّسَا tukawwasā			تُكَوَّسْنَ tukawwasna	يُكَوَّسْنَ yukawwasna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوَّسْ ʔukawwas	تُكَوَّسْ tukawwas	يُكَوَّسْ yukawwas		تُكَوَّسَا tukawwasā	يُكَوَّسَا yukawwasā		نُكَوَّسْ nukawwas	تُكَوَّسُوا tukawwasū	يُكَوَّسُوا yukawwasū
	f		تُكَوَّسِي tukawwasī	تُكَوَّسْ tukawwas			تُكَوَّسَا tukawwasā			تُكَوَّسْنَ tukawwasna	يُكَوَّسْنَ yukawwasna

References

• Agius, Dionisius A. (2005) Seafaring in the Arabian Gulf and Oman: People of the Dhow, London: Kegan Paul Limited, page 193
• Agius, Dionisius A. (2008) Classic Ships of Islam. From Mesopotamia to the Indian Ocean (Handbook of Oriental Studies; 92), Leiden: Brill, page 187
• Freytag, Georg (1837) “كوس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 70
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “كوس”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[3] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 943
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “أَزْيَب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[4], London: Williams & Norgate, page 1274
• Rhodokanakis, Nikolaus (1911) “Zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft”, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes‎^[5] (in German), volume 25, page 81
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “كوس”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[6], London: W.H. Allen, page 900

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian کوس (kôs, “large kettledrum”).

Noun

كوس • (küs)

1. kus, a sort of large kettledrum similar to timpani used by ancient Persians

Derived terms

• كوس اویونی (küs oyunu, “kind of draughts”)
• كوس رحلت (küs-i rihlet, “drum sounded to break camp”)
• كوس صندوغی (küs sandığı, “box for holding draughts pieces”)
• كوس غزا (küs-i gaza, “drum beaten for troops to assemble”)

 

Descendants

• Turkish: kös

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kös3”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2796
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كوس”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[7], Vienna: F. Beck, page 402a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كوس”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[8], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1053
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Tympanum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[9], Vienna, column 1708
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كوس”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[10], Vienna, columns 4075–4076
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kös”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كوس”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[11], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1593