هود

Arabic

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Probably from the root ه و د (h-w-d), related to returning. See هاد (hād). Otherwise, it might be related to ه د ي (h-d-y), related to guidance. See هادٍ (hādin).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /huːd/

Proper noun

هُود • (hūd) m

1. (Islam) Hud, a prophet of Islam, sometimes identified with Eber in the Bible
2. (Islam) Hud, the eleventh sura of the Qur'an

Declension

Declension of noun هُود (hūd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	هُود hūd	—
Nominative	—	هُودٌ hūdun	—
Accusative	—	هُودًا hūdan	—
Genitive	—	هُودٍ hūdin	—

See also

• (Islamic prophets) آدَم (ʔādam), إِدْرِيس (ʔidrīs), نُوح (nūḥ), هُود (hūd), صَالِح (ṣāliḥ), إِبْرَاهِيم (ʔibrāhīm), لُوط (lūṭ), إِسْمَاعِيل (ʔismāʕīl), إِسْحَاق (ʔisḥāq), يَعْقُوب (yaʕqūb), يُوسُف (yūsuf), أَيُّوب (ʔayyūb), ذُو الْكِفْل (ḏū l-kifl), شُعَيْب (šuʕayb), مُوسَى (mūsā), هَارُون (hārūn), دَاوُد (dāwūd), سُلَيْمَان (sulaymān), يُونُس (yūnus), إِلْيَاس (ʔilyās), الْيَسَع (al-yasaʕ), زَكَرِيَّا (zakariyyā), يَحْيَى (yaḥyā), عِيسَى (ʕīsā), مُحَمَّد (muḥammad) ^{(Category: ar:Islamic prophets)}

Etymology 2

Borrowed from a different Aramaic dialect than from which يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy) was borrowed, where the anlauting yə part was weakened to i or disappeared. No singulative is attested and the form was obsolete already at the time of the Qurʾān, only used formulaically.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /huːd/

Noun

هُود • (hūd) pl (collective) (obsolete)

2. Jews
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 2:135:

     وَقَالُوا كُونُوا هُودًا أَوْ نَصَارَىٰ تَهْتَدُوا

     waqālū kūnū hūdan ʔaw naṣārā tahtadū

     They say, "Be Jews or Christians [so] you will be guided."

Declension

Declension of noun هُود (hūd)

Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هُود hūd	الْهُود al-hūd	هُود hūd
Nominative	هُودٌ hūdun	الْهُودُ al-hūdu	هُودُ hūdu
Accusative	هُودًا hūdan	الْهُودَ al-hūda	هُودَ hūda
Genitive	هُودٍ hūdin	الْهُودِ al-hūdi	هُودِ hūdi

Related terms

• هَادَ (hāda, “to be Jewish”)
• يَهُودِيّ (yahūdiyy, “Jew, Jewish”)
• تَهْوِيد (tahwīd, “Judaizing, Judaization, the act of making something Jewish”)
• تَهَوَّدَ (tahawwada, “to Judaize (oneself), to be Judaized, to act Jewish”)

Etymology 3

Denominal verb of هُود (hūd), with the second triliteral conjugation implying the bestowing of a particular quality.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haw.wa.da/

Verb

هَوَّدَ • (hawwada) II, non-past يُهَوِّدُ‎ (yuhawwidu)

1. to Judaize, to make Jewish
   • 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḵāriyy, 23:137:

     كُلُّ مَوْلُودٍ يُولَدُ عَلَى الْفِطْرَةِ، فَأَبَوَاهُ يُهَوِّدَانِهِ أَوْ يُنَصِّرَانِهِ أَوْ يُمَجِّسَانِهِ

     kullu mawlūdin yūladu ʕalā l-fiṭrati, faʔabawāhu yuhawwidānihi ʔaw yunaṣṣirānihi ʔaw yumajjisānihi

     Every newborn is born upon the fitra (i.e., in a state of submission to God or al-islām); its parents then Judaize or Christianize or Zoroastrianize it.

Conjugation

Conjugation of

هَوَّدَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَهْوِيد tahwīd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُهَوِّد muhawwid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُهَوَّد muhawwad
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	هَوَّدْتُ hawwadtu	هَوَّدْتَ hawwadta	هَوَّدَ hawwada		هَوَّدْتُمَا hawwadtumā	هَوَّدَا hawwadā		هَوَّدْنَا hawwadnā	هَوَّدْتُمْ hawwadtum	هَوَّدُوا hawwadū
	f		هَوَّدْتِ hawwadti	هَوَّدَتْ hawwadat			هَوَّدَتَا hawwadatā			هَوَّدْتُنَّ hawwadtunna	هَوَّدْنَ hawwadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُهَوِّدُ ʔuhawwidu	تُهَوِّدُ tuhawwidu	يُهَوِّدُ yuhawwidu		تُهَوِّدَانِ tuhawwidāni	يُهَوِّدَانِ yuhawwidāni		نُهَوِّدُ nuhawwidu	تُهَوِّدُونَ tuhawwidūna	يُهَوِّدُونَ yuhawwidūna
	f		تُهَوِّدِينَ tuhawwidīna	تُهَوِّدُ tuhawwidu			تُهَوِّدَانِ tuhawwidāni			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُهَوِّدَ ʔuhawwida	تُهَوِّدَ tuhawwida	يُهَوِّدَ yuhawwida		تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā	يُهَوِّدَا yuhawwidā		نُهَوِّدَ nuhawwida	تُهَوِّدُوا tuhawwidū	يُهَوِّدُوا yuhawwidū
	f		تُهَوِّدِي tuhawwidī	تُهَوِّدَ tuhawwida			تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُهَوِّدْ ʔuhawwid	تُهَوِّدْ tuhawwid	يُهَوِّدْ yuhawwid		تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā	يُهَوِّدَا yuhawwidā		نُهَوِّدْ nuhawwid	تُهَوِّدُوا tuhawwidū	يُهَوِّدُوا yuhawwidū
	f		تُهَوِّدِي tuhawwidī	تُهَوِّدْ tuhawwid			تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		هَوِّدْ hawwid			هَوِّدَا hawwidā				هَوِّدُوا hawwidū
	f		هَوِّدِي hawwidī							هَوِّدْنَ hawwidna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	هُوِّدْتُ huwwidtu	هُوِّدْتَ huwwidta	هُوِّدَ huwwida		هُوِّدْتُمَا huwwidtumā	هُوِّدَا huwwidā		هُوِّدْنَا huwwidnā	هُوِّدْتُمْ huwwidtum	هُوِّدُوا huwwidū
	f		هُوِّدْتِ huwwidti	هُوِّدَتْ huwwidat			هُوِّدَتَا huwwidatā			هُوِّدْتُنَّ huwwidtunna	هُوِّدْنَ huwwidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُهَوَّدُ ʔuhawwadu	تُهَوَّدُ tuhawwadu	يُهَوَّدُ yuhawwadu		تُهَوَّدَانِ tuhawwadāni	يُهَوَّدَانِ yuhawwadāni		نُهَوَّدُ nuhawwadu	تُهَوَّدُونَ tuhawwadūna	يُهَوَّدُونَ yuhawwadūna
	f		تُهَوَّدِينَ tuhawwadīna	تُهَوَّدُ tuhawwadu			تُهَوَّدَانِ tuhawwadāni			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُهَوَّدَ ʔuhawwada	تُهَوَّدَ tuhawwada	يُهَوَّدَ yuhawwada		تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā	يُهَوَّدَا yuhawwadā		نُهَوَّدَ nuhawwada	تُهَوَّدُوا tuhawwadū	يُهَوَّدُوا yuhawwadū
	f		تُهَوَّدِي tuhawwadī	تُهَوَّدَ tuhawwada			تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُهَوَّدْ ʔuhawwad	تُهَوَّدْ tuhawwad	يُهَوَّدْ yuhawwad		تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā	يُهَوَّدَا yuhawwadā		نُهَوَّدْ nuhawwad	تُهَوَّدُوا tuhawwadū	يُهَوَّدُوا yuhawwadū
	f		تُهَوَّدِي tuhawwadī	تُهَوَّدْ tuhawwad			تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna

Etymology 4

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /hawd/

Noun

هَوْد • (hawd) m (obsolete)

1. verbal noun of هَادَ (hāda) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun هَوْد (hawd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هَوْد hawd	الْهَوْد al-hawd	هَوْد hawd
Nominative	هَوْدٌ hawdun	الْهَوْدُ al-hawdu	هَوْدُ hawdu
Accusative	هَوْدًا hawdan	الْهَوْدَ al-hawda	هَوْدَ hawda
Genitive	هَوْدٍ hawdin	الْهَوْدِ al-hawdi	هَوْدِ hawdi

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haw.wa.da/

Verb

هَوَّدَ • (hawwada) II, non-past يُهَوِّدُ‎ (yuhawwidu)

1. to make someone drunk, to intoxicate someone, to inebriate someone, to souse someone
2. to walk slowly

Conjugation

Conjugation of

هَوَّدَ

(form-II sound)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَهْوِيد tahwīd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُهَوِّد muhawwid
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُهَوَّد muhawwad
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	هَوَّدْتُ hawwadtu	هَوَّدْتَ hawwadta	هَوَّدَ hawwada		هَوَّدْتُمَا hawwadtumā	هَوَّدَا hawwadā		هَوَّدْنَا hawwadnā	هَوَّدْتُمْ hawwadtum	هَوَّدُوا hawwadū
	f		هَوَّدْتِ hawwadti	هَوَّدَتْ hawwadat			هَوَّدَتَا hawwadatā			هَوَّدْتُنَّ hawwadtunna	هَوَّدْنَ hawwadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُهَوِّدُ ʔuhawwidu	تُهَوِّدُ tuhawwidu	يُهَوِّدُ yuhawwidu		تُهَوِّدَانِ tuhawwidāni	يُهَوِّدَانِ yuhawwidāni		نُهَوِّدُ nuhawwidu	تُهَوِّدُونَ tuhawwidūna	يُهَوِّدُونَ yuhawwidūna
	f		تُهَوِّدِينَ tuhawwidīna	تُهَوِّدُ tuhawwidu			تُهَوِّدَانِ tuhawwidāni			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُهَوِّدَ ʔuhawwida	تُهَوِّدَ tuhawwida	يُهَوِّدَ yuhawwida		تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā	يُهَوِّدَا yuhawwidā		نُهَوِّدَ nuhawwida	تُهَوِّدُوا tuhawwidū	يُهَوِّدُوا yuhawwidū
	f		تُهَوِّدِي tuhawwidī	تُهَوِّدَ tuhawwida			تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُهَوِّدْ ʔuhawwid	تُهَوِّدْ tuhawwid	يُهَوِّدْ yuhawwid		تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā	يُهَوِّدَا yuhawwidā		نُهَوِّدْ nuhawwid	تُهَوِّدُوا tuhawwidū	يُهَوِّدُوا yuhawwidū
	f		تُهَوِّدِي tuhawwidī	تُهَوِّدْ tuhawwid			تُهَوِّدَا tuhawwidā			تُهَوِّدْنَ tuhawwidna	يُهَوِّدْنَ yuhawwidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		هَوِّدْ hawwid			هَوِّدَا hawwidā				هَوِّدُوا hawwidū
	f		هَوِّدِي hawwidī							هَوِّدْنَ hawwidna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	هُوِّدْتُ huwwidtu	هُوِّدْتَ huwwidta	هُوِّدَ huwwida		هُوِّدْتُمَا huwwidtumā	هُوِّدَا huwwidā		هُوِّدْنَا huwwidnā	هُوِّدْتُمْ huwwidtum	هُوِّدُوا huwwidū
	f		هُوِّدْتِ huwwidti	هُوِّدَتْ huwwidat			هُوِّدَتَا huwwidatā			هُوِّدْتُنَّ huwwidtunna	هُوِّدْنَ huwwidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُهَوَّدُ ʔuhawwadu	تُهَوَّدُ tuhawwadu	يُهَوَّدُ yuhawwadu		تُهَوَّدَانِ tuhawwadāni	يُهَوَّدَانِ yuhawwadāni		نُهَوَّدُ nuhawwadu	تُهَوَّدُونَ tuhawwadūna	يُهَوَّدُونَ yuhawwadūna
	f		تُهَوَّدِينَ tuhawwadīna	تُهَوَّدُ tuhawwadu			تُهَوَّدَانِ tuhawwadāni			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُهَوَّدَ ʔuhawwada	تُهَوَّدَ tuhawwada	يُهَوَّدَ yuhawwada		تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā	يُهَوَّدَا yuhawwadā		نُهَوَّدَ nuhawwada	تُهَوَّدُوا tuhawwadū	يُهَوَّدُوا yuhawwadū
	f		تُهَوَّدِي tuhawwadī	تُهَوَّدَ tuhawwada			تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُهَوَّدْ ʔuhawwad	تُهَوَّدْ tuhawwad	يُهَوَّدْ yuhawwad		تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā	يُهَوَّدَا yuhawwadā		نُهَوَّدْ nuhawwad	تُهَوَّدُوا tuhawwadū	يُهَوَّدُوا yuhawwadū
	f		تُهَوَّدِي tuhawwadī	تُهَوَّدْ tuhawwad			تُهَوَّدَا tuhawwadā			تُهَوَّدْنَ tuhawwadna	يُهَوَّدْنَ yuhawwadna

References

• Hopkins, Simon (1997) “On the Words for “Jew(s)” in Arabic”, in Uri Rubin, David J. Wasserstein, editors, Dhimmis and Others: Jews and Christians and the World of Classical Islam (Israel Oriental Studies; 17), Eisenbrauns, pages 11–27
• Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 293–294

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

Root
ه و د
1 term

From Arabic هَوَّدَ (hawwada).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /haw.wad/

Verb

هود • (hawwad) II (non-past يهود (yhawwad))

1. to descend, to come down, to go down

   Synonyms: نزل (nzal), هبط (hbaṭ)

2. to get off

   Synonyms: نزل (nzal), هبط (hbaṭ)

Conjugation

Conjugation of هود
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	هوّدت (hawwadt)	هوّدتي (hawwadti)	هوّد (hawwad)		هوّدنا (hawwadna)	هوّدتوا (hawwadtu)	هوّدوا (hawwdu)
	f			هوّدت (hawwdāt)
non-past	m	نهوّد (nhawwad)	تهوّد (thawwad)	يهوّد (yhawwad)		نهوّدوا (nhawwdu)	تهوّدوا (thawwdu)	يهوّدوا (yhawwdu)
	f		تهوّدي (thawwdi)	تهوّد (thawwad)
imperative	m		هوّد (hawwad)				هوّدوا (hawwdu)
	f		هوّدي (hawwdi)

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic هُود (hūd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [huð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hʊd̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [hʊd̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔʊd̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔud̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [hod̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [hud̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	huḏ
Dari reading?	hud
Iranian reading?	hod
Tajik reading?	hud

Proper noun

Dari	هود
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Ҳуд

هود • (hod)

1. (Islam) Hud, a prophet in Islam.