कचरा

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit कच्चर (kaccara, “dirty, vile”). Compare Gujarati કચરો (kacro), Marathi कचरा (kaċrā). as well as phonologically similar terms such as Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀯𑀸𑀭 (kaccavāra), Sanskrit कङ्कर (kaṅkara), कट्वर (kaṭvara), etc. The variety of forms points to a substrate borrowing; compare Kannada ಕಸ (kasa, “dirt”), Tamil கசடு (kacaṭu).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kət͡ʃ.ɾɑː/, [kɐt͡ʃ.ɾäː]

Noun

कचरा • (kacrā) m (Urdu spelling کچرا)

1. garbage (waste, unneeded refuse)

   यहाँ एक बड़ा कचरे का टीला है।

   yahā̃ ek baṛā kacre kā ṭīlā hai.

   There is a large mound of garbage here.

Declension

Declension of कचरा (masc ā-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	कचरा kacrā	कचरे kacre
oblique	कचरे kacre	कचरों kacrõ
vocative	कचरे kacre	कचरो kacro

Descendants

• Burmese: ကချလာ (ka.hkya.la)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “कचरा”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kaccara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Inherited from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀘𑁆𑀘𑀯𑀸𑀭 (kaċċavāra)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kət͡s.ɾa/

Noun

कचरा • (kaċrā) m

1. waste, rubbish, garbage

   Synonym: टाकाऊ (ṭākāū)

Declension

Declension of कचरा (masc ā-stem)
direct singular	कचरा kaċrā
direct plural	कचरे kaċre
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	कचरा kaċrā		कचरे kaċre
oblique सामान्यरूप	कचर्या kaċryā		कचर्यां- kaċryān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	कचर्याला kaċryālā		कचर्यांना kaċryānnā
ergative	कचर्याने, कचर्यानं kaċryāne, kaċryāna		कचर्यांनी kaċryānnī
instrumental	कचर्याशी kaċryāśī		कचर्यांशी kaċryānśī
locative सप्तमी	कचर्यात kaċryāt		कचर्यांत kaċryāt
vocative संबोधन	कचर्या kaċryā		कचर्यांनो kaċryānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of कचरा (masc ā-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	कचर्याचा kaċryāċā	कचर्याचे kaċryāċe	कचर्याची kaċryācī	कचर्याच्या kaċryācā	कचर्याचे, कचर्याचं kaċryāċe, kaċryāċa	कचर्याची kaċryācī	कचर्याच्या kaċryācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	कचर्यांचा kaċryānċā	कचर्यांचे kaċryānċe	कचर्यांची kaċryāñcī	कचर्यांच्या kaċryāncā	कचर्यांचे, कचर्यांचं kaċryānċe, kaċryānċa	कचर्यांची kaċryāñcī	कचर्यांच्या kaċryāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “कचरा”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “कचरा”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “कचरा”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kaccara”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press