Chinese

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perfective present
simp. and trad.
(垃哉)
alternative forms 拉哉
拉者
垃者

Pronunciation

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Particle

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垃哉

  1. (Suburban Shanghainese Wu, dated Shanghainese) Used to indicate the present perfective.
    • 電燈拉哉 [Shanghainese, trad.]
      电灯拉哉 [Shanghainese, simp.]
      From: 2010, Qian Nairong, 《從〈滬語便商〉所見的老上海話時態》 (Tenses and Aspects? Old Shanghainese as Found in the Book Huyu Bian Shang)
      The light has been turned on.
  2. (Suburban Shanghainese Wu, dated Shanghainese) Used to indicate the present progressive.
    • [Shanghainese, trad. and simp.]
      From: 2010, Qian Nairong, 《從〈滬語便商〉所見的老上海話時態》 (Tenses and Aspects? Old Shanghainese as Found in the Book Huyu Bian Shang)
      It's raining.
    • [Shanghainese, trad.]
      [Shanghainese, simp.]
      From: 2010, Qian Nairong, 《從〈滬語便商〉所見的老上海話時態》 (Tenses and Aspects? Old Shanghainese as Found in the Book Huyu Bian Shang)
      You're messing up.

Usage notes

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  • The difference between the two senses is that the prior has to appear back to back, while the latter can appear separate and encircles the main verb.

Synonyms

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  • (present perfective):
    • (contemporary Shanghainese)
  • (present progressive):

See also

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