文久

Chinese

		language; culture; writing language; culture; writing; formal; literary; gentle	(long) time; (long) duration of time
simp. and trad. (文久)		文	久

Etymology

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 文久 (Bunkyū).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): Wénjiǔ

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): man⁴ gau²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Wénjiǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄣˊ ㄐㄧㄡˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Wúnjiǒu
    • Wade–Giles: Wên²-chiu³
    • Yale: Wén-jyǒu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Wenjeou
    • Palladius: Вэньцзю (Vɛnʹczju)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wən³⁵ t͡ɕi̯oʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: man⁴ gau²
    • Yale: màhn gáu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: man⁴ gau²
    • Guangdong Romanization: men⁴ geo²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mɐn²¹ kɐu̯³⁵/

Proper noun

文久

1. Bunkyū (Japanese era spanning from February 1861 through February 1864)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
文	久
ぶん Grade: 1	きゅう Grade: 5
on’yomi

Etymology

Chosen as the name of the 年号 (nengō, “era”) based on a quote from the 後漢書 (Gokanjo, “Book of the Later Han”), Volume 79, Part 2, Biographies of Confucian Scholars: Xie Gai (謝該／谢该) (full Chinese source text here):

故能文武并用，成长久之计。

And it could be civil and military use, as a permanent solution.

The civil meaning here was likely chosen in reference to overtones of peace and culture.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [bɯ̟̃ᵝŋʲkʲɨᵝː]

Proper noun

文(ぶん)久(きゅう) • (Bunkyū) ^{←ぶんきう (bunkiu)?}

1. the Bunkyū era, 1861-1864
2. Short for 文久泳宝 (Bunkyū eihō)., a copper coin with a square hole in the center, issued in 1863 and worth four 文 (mon)

See also

• 万延(まんえん) (Man'en) (era preceding Bunkyū)
• 元治(げんじ) (Genji) (era following Bunkyū)