沢山
See also: 澤山
Japanese edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
沢 | 山 |
たく Grade: S (ateji) |
さん Grade: 1 (ateji) |
kan’on |
Alternative spelling |
---|
澤山 (kyūjitai) |
Etymology 1 edit
First appears in The Tale of the Heike (c. late 12th century).
Origin unknown,[1] kanji spelling appears to be phonetic ateji (当て字)
Pronunciation edit
- (Tokyo) たくさん [tàk
úsáꜜǹ] (Nakadaka – [3])[2][3] for adjective and noun senses - (Tokyo) たくさん [tàk
úsáń] (Heiban – [0])[2][3] for adverb sense - IPA(key): [ta̠kɯ̟̊ᵝsã̠ɴ]
Adjective edit
Noun edit
Usage notes edit
- In classical Japanese, used with なる (naru) to modify nouns:
- 沢山なる人々 ― takusan naru hitobito ― many people
- In modern Japanese, used with the particle の (no) to modify nouns:
- 沢山の人々 ― takusan no hitobito ― many people
Synonyms edit
Derived terms edit
Adverb edit
Usage notes edit
- Unlike many other adjectival nouns that have adverbial senses, 沢山 as an adverb omits the particle に (ni) when used before a verb. Compare:
- Correct: ケーキを静かに食べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake quietly.
- Incorrect: ケーキを静か食べました。 ― Kēki o shizuka tabemashita. ― We quiet ate cake.
- Incorrect: ケーキを沢山に食べました。 ― Kēki o takusan ni tabemashita. ― We ate cake manily.
- Correct: ケーキを沢山食べました。 ― Kēki o takusan tabemashita. ― We ate a lot of cake.
Suffix edit
- more than enough
Derived terms edit
Derived terms
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
沢 | 山 |
さわ Grade: S |
やま Grade: 1 |
kun’yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
澤山 (kyūjitai) |
First appeared in the Edo period.
Kun-reading of takusan above.[2]
Alternative forms edit
Adjective edit
沢山 • (sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?†-nari
Noun edit
沢山 • (sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?
Derived terms edit
Proper noun edit
沢山 • (Sawayama) ←さはやま (safayama)?
References edit
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN