窒息

Chinese

		obstruct; stop up	rest; news; interest rest; news; interest; breath
trad. (窒息)		窒	息
simp. #(窒息)		窒	息

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhìxī, zhìxí

  (Zhuyin): ㄓˋ ㄒㄧ, ㄓˋ ㄒㄧˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zat⁶ sik¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tit-siak / tit-sek / lit-sit / chit-siak / chit-sek

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Mainland)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhìxī
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhsi
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴-hsi¹
    • Yale: jr̀-syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhshi
    • Palladius: чжиси (čžisi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhìxí
    • Zhuyin: ㄓˋ ㄒㄧˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhìhsí
    • Wade–Giles: chih⁴-hsi²
    • Yale: jr̀-syí
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyhshyi
    • Palladius: чжиси (čžisi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʐ̩⁵¹ ɕi³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zat⁶ sik¹
    • Yale: jaht sīk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzat⁹ sik⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: zed⁶ xig¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɐt̚² sɪk̚⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-siak
    • Tâi-lô: tit-siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ditsiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tit̚⁵⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tit-sek
    • Tâi-lô: tit-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ditseg
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tit̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: lit-sit
    • Tâi-lô: lit-sit
    • Phofsit Daibuun: litsid
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /lit̚³²⁻⁵ sit̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-siak
    • Tâi-lô: tsit-siak
    • Phofsit Daibuun: citsiag
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sit̚⁵⁻²⁴ siak̚⁵/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chit-sek
    • Tâi-lô: tsit-sik
    • Phofsit Daibuun: citseg
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sit̚³²⁻⁴ siɪk̚³²/

Verb

窒息

1. (intransitive, literally, medicine) to suffer asphyxia; to asphyxiate; to suffocate; to stifle
2. (transitive, figuratively) to suffocate; to stifle

   窒息國家的活力／窒息国家的活力  ―  zhìxī guójiā de huólì  ―  to stifle the vitality of the country

Derived terms

• 性窒息 (xìngzhìxī)
• 智熄 (zhìxī)

 

See also

• 缺氧 (quēyǎng)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
窒	息
ちつ > ちっ Grade: S	そく Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちっそく [chìssókú] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕi̥sːo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

窒(ちっ)息(そく) • (chissoku) 

1. suffocation
2. (medicine) asphyxia

See also

• 酸欠(さんけつ) (sanketsu)

Verb

窒(ちっ)息(そく)する • (chissoku suru) suru (stem 窒(ちっ)息(そく)し (chissoku shi), past 窒(ちっ)息(そく)した (chissoku shita))

1. suffocate, choke

Conjugation

Conjugation of "窒息する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	窒息し	ちっそくし	chissoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	窒息し	ちっそくし	chissoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	窒息する	ちっそくする	chissoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	窒息する	ちっそくする	chissoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	窒息すれ	ちっそくすれ	chissoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	窒息せよ¹ 窒息しろ²	ちっそくせよ¹ ちっそくしろ²	chissoku seyo¹ chissoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	窒息される	ちっそくされる	chissoku sareru
Causative	窒息させる 窒息さす	ちっそくさせる ちっそくさす	chissoku saseru chissoku sasu
Potential	窒息できる	ちっそくできる	chissoku dekiru
Volitional	窒息しよう	ちっそくしよう	chissoku shiyō
Negative	窒息しない	ちっそくしない	chissoku shinai
Negative continuative	窒息せず	ちっそくせず	chissoku sezu
Formal	窒息します	ちっそくします	chissoku shimasu
Perfective	窒息した	ちっそくした	chissoku shita
Conjunctive	窒息して	ちっそくして	chissoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	窒息すれば	ちっそくすれば	chissoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
窒	息

Noun

窒息 • (jilsik) (hangeul 질식)

1. Hanja form^? of 질식 (“suffocation”).