ꜣbwt
Egyptian edit
Pronunciation edit
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /ɑbuːt/
- Conventional anglicization: abut
Etymology 1 edit
Sometimes hypothesized to be from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *ʔab-, in which case it would perhaps be cognate with Proto-Semitic *ʔabw- (“father”).
Noun edit
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f
- (collective) extended family, relatives, people of a household [Sixth Dynasty to Middle Kingdom and Book of the Dead; rare thereafter]
Usage notes edit
This word was originally restricted to administrative and juridical contexts but came to be in general use by the Middle Kingdom. By the New Kingdom it was archaic and appeared primarily in religious texts (the Book of the Dead).
Alternative forms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Uncertain. Perhaps related to ꜣbt (“brand, branding iron”), ꜣbw (“brand, branding iron”). Less likely, some authors have connected it with ꜣbj (“to desire”), thus ‘desirable image’, or to jꜣbt (“left side”) because enemies were associated with the left.
Noun edit
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f
- appearance, outward form [since the New Kingdom]
- (often followed by ‘the enemy’ in a genitive construction) the symbol or effigy of an enemy to be ritually destroyed, often in the form of a sacrifical animal [Late Period to Greco-Roman Period]
Inflection edit
Alternative forms edit
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜣbwt
Derived terms edit
References edit
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) “ꜣbt”, in Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 7.8
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) “ꜣbw·t”, in Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 8.1–8.2
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 2
- Wilson, Penelope (1991) A Lexicographical Study of the Ptolemaic Texts in the Temple of Edfu, Liverpool: University of Liverpool, pages 9–11